Skip to content
CalcGospel 國際數學圖譜
返回

CIE 9231 2022 June Paper 32 Q1

A Level / CIE / FM

CIE 9231 2022 June Paper 32 Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

A particle of weight 10 N10\text{ N} is attached to one end of a light elastic string. The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point AA on a horizontal ceiling. A horizontal force of 7.5 N7.5\text{ N} acts on the particle. In the equilibrium position, the string makes an angle θ\theta with the ceiling (see diagram). The string has natural length 0.8 m0.8\text{ m} and modulus of elasticity 50 N50\text{ N}.

(a) Find the tension in the string.

(2)

(b) Find the vertical distance between the particle and the ceiling.

(3)
题目中文翻译

一个重量为 10 N10\text{ N} 的质点连接在一根轻质弹性细绳的一端。细绳的另一端连接在水平天花板上的固定点 AA。一个 7.5 N7.5\text{ N} 的水平力作用在质点上。在平衡位置,细绳与天花板成 θ\theta 角(见图)。细绳的自然长度为 0.8 m0.8\text{ m},弹性模量为 50 N50\text{ N}。

(a) 求细绳中的张力。

(2)

(b) 求质点与天花板之间的竖直距离。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

张力的水平分量平衡水平外力,竖直分量平衡重力。用勾股定理求张力大小。

答题过程

展开

Resolving horizontally and vertically gives Tcos⁡θ=7.5T\cos\theta=7.5 and Tsin⁡θ=10T\sin\theta=10. Squaring and adding gives T2(cos⁡2θ+sin⁡2θ)=7.52+102T^2(\cos^2\theta+\sin^2\theta)=7.5^2+10^2. Hence

T=7.52+102=12.5 N.T=\sqrt{7.5^2+10^2}=12.5\,\mathrm{N}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

先用胡克定律求绳长,再用张力的竖直分量确定 sin⁡θ\sin\theta,得到绳长的竖直投影。

答题过程

展开

Let ee be the extension. Hooke’s law gives

12.5= 50e0.8,e= 0.8(12.5)50=0.2 m.\begin{align*} 12.5=&\,\frac{50e}{0.8},\\[4mm] e=&\,\frac{0.8(12.5)}{50}=0.2\,\mathrm{m}. \end{align*}

The stretched length is 0.8+0.2=1.0 m0.8+0.2=1.0\,\mathrm{m}. Since Tsin⁡θ=10T\sin\theta=10, we have sin⁡θ=10/12.5=4/5\sin\theta=10/12.5=4/5. The vertical distance is 1.0(4/5)=0.8 m1.0(4/5)=0.8\,\mathrm{m}.