题目
One end of a light elastic string, of natural length and modulus of elasticity , is attached to a fixed point . The string lies on a smooth horizontal surface. A particle of mass is attached to the other end of the string. The particle is projected in the direction . When the length of the string is , the speed of is . When the length of the string is , the speed of is .
Find the value of .
题目中文翻译
一根自然长度为 、弹性模量为 的轻弹性绳的一端连接在固定点 处。绳位于光滑水平面上。一个质量为 的质点 连接在绳的另一端。质点 沿 方向抛出。当绳长为 时, 的速率为 ;当绳长为 时, 的速率为 。
求 的值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
解法一
思路
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桌面光滑且水平,动能的减少量等于绳的弹性势能增加量。计算两处伸长时都要减去自然长度 。
答题过程
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The extensions at lengths and are and . Between those points the kinetic energy decreases by
The elastic potential energy increases by
Equating the energy changes and dividing by gives , so .