Skip to content
CalcGospel 國際數學圖譜
返回

CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 34 Q7

A Level / CIE / FM

CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 34 Paper · Question 7

题目

Problem

A particle PP of mass mm is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length aa. The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point OO. The particle moves in complete vertical circles with centre OO, with the string taut. When the string makes an angle θ\theta with the downward vertical through OO the speed of PP is 4ag\sqrt{4ag}. The ratio of the greatest and least tensions in the string during the motion is 11:111:1.

Find the value of cos⁡θ\cos\theta.

(8)
题目中文翻译

质量为 mm 的质点 PP 连接在一根长为 aa 的轻且不可伸长的绳的一端,绳的另一端固定在点 OO。质点绕 OO 做完整的竖直圆周运动,绳始终拉紧。当绳与过 OO 的竖直向下方向成 θ\theta 角时,PP 的速率为 4ag\sqrt{4ag}。运动过程中,绳的最大张力与最小张力之比为 11:111:1。

求 cos⁡θ\cos\theta 的值。

(8)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

解法一

思路

展开

先由能量守恒把圆周各点的速率写成高度的函数。代入径向方程后,张力随高度单调变化,最大、最小值就在最低点和最高点。

答题过程

展开

Write c=cos⁡θc=\cos\theta. The point with speed 4ag\sqrt{4ag} is at height a(1−c)a(1-c) above the lowest point. At an angle ϕ\phi to the downward vertical, conservation of energy gives

12mv2+mga(1−cos⁡ϕ)=12m(4ag)+mga(1−c).\frac12mv^2+mga(1-\cos\phi)=\frac12m(4ag)+mga(1-c).

Cancelling mm and rearranging gives

v2=4ag+2ga(cos⁡ϕ−c).v^2=4ag+2ga(\cos\phi-c).

Resolving towards the centre gives T−mgcos⁡ϕ=mv2/aT-mg\cos\phi=mv^2/a, so

T=mg(4−2c+3cos⁡ϕ).T=mg(4-2c+3\cos\phi).

Thus Tmax⁡=mg(7−2c)T_{\max}=mg(7-2c) at the bottom and Tmin⁡=mg(1−2c)T_{\min}=mg(1-2c) at the top. Their ratio gives

7−2c= 11(1−2c),20c= 4,c= 15.\begin{align*} 7-2c=&\,11(1-2c),\\[4mm] 20c=&\,4,\\[4mm] c=&\,\boxed{\frac15}. \end{align*}

The resulting minimum tension is 3mg/5>03mg/5>0, consistent with a taut string throughout.