题目
The point is vertically below the point . One end of a light inextensible string is attached to , and the other end is attached to . A particle of mass is attached to the string so that the length is . The particle moves at a constant angular speed of radians per second in a horizontal circle with centre between and at a distance vertically below (see diagram). The string has length , and both sections of the string are taut.
The tensions in the sections of the string and are and respectively.
Find the value of and the value of .
题目中文翻译
点 位于点 的正下方。一根不可伸长的轻绳的一端连接于 ,另一端连接于 。质量为 的质点 连接在绳上,使 的长度为 。质点 以每秒 弧度的恒定角速率在水平圆周上运动,圆心位于 与 之间、 正下方 处(见图)。绳长为 ,且两段绳都绷紧。
绳的 段和 段的张力分别为 和 。
求 和 的值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
解法一
思路
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先用两段绳长及竖直高度求两个直角三角形的边长。水平方向的张力分量共同提供向心力,竖直方向则相互反向。
答题过程
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The horizontal radius is . Also , so is above . Resolving inward horizontally and upward vertically, using , gives
With and , these become and . Substituting into the second equation gives , hence . Thus , , so