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CIE 9231 2026 June Paper 32 Q5

A Level / CIE / FM

CIE 9231 2026 June Paper 32 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

A particle of mass mm is attached to a fixed point OO by a light inextensible string of length aa. The particle initially hangs directly below OO at the point AA. The particle is then projected horizontally with speed 2ag2\sqrt{ag}, and begins to move in a vertical circle.

(a) Find an expression for the tension in the string when it has turned through an angle θ\theta. Give your answer in terms of mm, gg and θ\theta.

(4)

(b) Find, in terms of aa, the maximum height above the horizontal through AA that is reached by the particle.

(5)
题目中文翻译

质量为 mm 的质点通过一根长为 aa、不可伸长的轻绳连接于固定点 OO。质点最初悬挂在 OO 正下方的点 AA 处。随后,质点以速率 2ag2\sqrt{ag} 沿水平方向被抛出,并开始在竖直圆周上运动。

(a) 求绳转过 θ\theta 角时绳中张力的表达式,答案用 mm、gg 和 θ\theta 表示。

(4)

(b) 求质点所能达到的、相对于经过 AA 的水平面的最大高度,用 aa 表示。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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角度从最低点的竖直向下方向量起。先用升高量 a(1−cos⁡θ)a(1-\cos\theta) 求速度,再沿绳向圆心列方程。

答题过程

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At angle θ\theta the particle has risen by a(1−cos⁡θ)a(1-\cos\theta). Conservation of energy gives

12m(2ag)2= mga(1−cos⁡θ)+12mv2,v2= 4ag−2ga(1−cos⁡θ)= 2ag(1+cos⁡θ).\begin{align*} \frac12m(2\sqrt{ag})^2=&\,mga(1-\cos\theta)+\frac12mv^2,\\[4mm] v^2=&\,4ag-2ga(1-\cos\theta)\\[4mm] =&\,2ag(1+\cos\theta). \end{align*}

While the string is taut, the inward radial equation is T−mgcos⁡θ=mv2/aT-mg\cos\theta=mv^2/a. Hence

T= ma 2ag(1+cos⁡θ)+mgcos⁡θ= mg(2+3cos⁡θ).\begin{align*} T=&\,\frac{m}{a}\,2ag(1+\cos\theta)+mg\cos\theta\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{mg(2+3\cos\theta)}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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上升途中张力先降为零,之后粒子作抛体运动。先求绳松弛时的高度和竖直速度,再加上抛体阶段的上升量。

答题过程

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The string becomes slack when 2+3cos⁡θ=02+3\cos\theta=0, so cos⁡θ=−2/3\cos\theta=-2/3. At that point the height above AA is a(1−cos⁡θ)=5a/3a(1-\cos\theta)=5a/3, and v2=2ag/3v^2=2ag/3. The upward velocity component is vsin⁡θv\sin\theta, whose square is

v2sin⁡2θ=2ag3(1−49)=10ag27.v^2\sin^2\theta=\frac{2ag}{3}\bigg(1-\frac49\bigg)=\frac{10ag}{27}.

In free flight the vertical speed becomes zero at maximum height. If hh is the further rise, 0=v2sin⁡2θ−2gh0=v^2\sin^2\theta-2gh, giving h=v2sin⁡2θ/(2g)=5a/27h=v^2\sin^2\theta/(2g)=5a/27. Thus the maximum height is

5a3+5a27=50a27.\boxed{\frac{5a}{3}+\frac{5a}{27}=\frac{50a}{27}}.