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CIE 9231 2026 June Paper 33 Q1

A Level / CIE / FM

CIE 9231 2026 June Paper 33 Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

A particle PP of mass mm is moving in a horizontal circle with constant angular speed ω\omega on the smooth inner surface of a hemispherical shell of radius aa. The plane of the circular motion is at a height h=13ah=\frac13a above the lowest point on the shell. The angle between the vertical and the normal reaction of the surface on PP is θ\theta.

Find ω\omega in terms of aa and gg.

(5)
题目中文翻译

质量为 mm 的质点 PP 在半径为 aa 的半球壳的光滑内表面上,以恒定角速率 ω\omega 做水平圆周运动。圆周运动所在平面比球壳最低点高 h=13ah=\frac13a。球壳表面对 PP 的法向支持力与竖直方向之间的夹角为 θ\theta。

求 ω\omega,用 aa 和 gg 表示。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

解法一

思路

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支持力沿球半径指向球心。先由高度求它与竖直方向夹角的余弦,再利用支持力的竖直分量平衡重力、水平分量提供向心力。

答题过程

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The centre of the shell is a−ha-h above the plane of motion. Hence

cos⁡θ=a−ha=23,r=asin⁡θ,\cos\theta=\frac{a-h}{a}=\frac23,\qquad r=a\sin\theta,

where rr is the radius of the horizontal circle. For the normal reaction RR,

Rcos⁡θ= mg,Rsin⁡θ= mrω2=masin⁡θ ω2.\begin{align*} R\cos\theta=&\,mg,\\[4mm] R\sin\theta=&\,mr\omega^2=ma\sin\theta\,\omega^2. \end{align*}

Since sin⁡θ>0\sin\theta>0, the second equation gives R=maω2R=ma\omega^2. Substitution into the first gives 23maω2=mg\frac23ma\omega^2=mg. Thus

ω=3g2a.\omega=\sqrt{\frac{3g}{2a}}.