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CIE 9231 2026 June Paper 34 Q7

A Level / CIE / FM

CIE 9231 2026 June Paper 34 Paper · Question 7

题目

Problem

One end of a light elastic string of natural length 8a8a and modulus of elasticity 6mg6mg is attached to a fixed point OO on a rough plane. The plane is inclined at angle θ\theta to the horizontal where sin⁡θ=513\sin\theta=\frac5{13}. A particle PP of mass mm is attached to the other end of the string. The string lies along a line of greatest slope of the plane, with PP below the level of OO. The particle is held at a point such that the extension of the string is 3a3a.

When PP is released from rest, its acceleration is 54g\frac54g in the direction POPO.

(a) Find the coefficient of friction between the particle and the plane.

(4)

(b) In its subsequent motion, PP comes to rest at the point CC.

Find, in terms of aa, the distance OCOC.

(6)
题目中文翻译

一根自然长度为 8a8a、弹性模量为 6mg6mg 的轻弹性绳的一端连接于粗糙斜面上的固定点 OO。斜面与水平面成 θ\theta 角,其中 sin⁡θ=513\sin\theta=\frac5{13}。质量为 mm 的质点 PP 连接于绳的另一端。绳沿斜面的一条最大坡度线放置,且 PP 位于 OO 的下方。质点被保持在使绳的伸长量为 3a3a 的位置。

当 PP 从静止释放时,它的加速度大小为 54g\frac54g,方向为 POPO。

(a) 求质点与斜面之间的摩擦系数。

(4)

(b) 在随后的运动中,PP 在点 CC 处停止运动。

求距离 OCOC,用 aa 表示。

(6)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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释放时质点向 OO 加速,开始沿斜面向上运动,所以摩擦力沿斜面向下。先求绳张力和支持力,再列沿斜面的方程。

答题过程

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At release the tension is T=6mg(3a)/(8a)=9mg/4T=6mg(3a)/(8a)=9mg/4. The normal reaction is R=mgcos⁡θ=12mg/13R=mg\cos\theta=12mg/13. Resolving up the plane gives

94mg−513mg−μ1213mg=54mg.\frac94mg-\frac5{13}mg-\mu\frac{12}{13}mg =\frac54mg.

Thus 12μ/13=9/4−5/13−5/4=8/1312\mu/13=9/4-5/13-5/4=8/13, so μ=2/3\mu=2/3.

(b)

解法一

思路

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先假设第一次停止时绳仍绷紧,用能量方程检查这一假设是否可行。绳松弛后弹性势能为零,再求实际停止位置。

答题过程

展开

The combined magnitude of friction and the component of weight down the plane is

(231213+513)mg=mg.\bigg(\frac23\frac{12}{13}+\frac5{13}\bigg)mg=mg.

Let ss be the distance travelled up the plane from release. A stop with the string still taut would require 0<s≤3a0<s\le3a and

3mg8a((3a)2−(3a−s)2)=mgs.\frac{3mg}{8a}\bigl((3a)^2-(3a-s)^2\bigr)=mgs.

After cancelling mgsmgs, this gives 38a(6a−s)=1\frac3{8a}(6a-s)=1, or s=10a/3s=10a/3. This exceeds 3a3a, so the particle passes the point where the string becomes slack before it stops. At the first stop, the entire initial elastic energy has been used against friction and gravity, giving

mgs=3mg8a(3a)2=278mga.mgs=\frac{3mg}{8a}(3a)^2=\frac{27}{8}mga.

Thus s=27a/8<11as=27a/8<11a, so CC is still below OO and OC=11a−s=61a/8OC=11a-s=61a/8.

解法二

思路

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也可直接算绳刚松弛时的动能。如果这一时刻质点仍在向上运动,随后只需算重力和摩擦力使它再走多远。

答题过程

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While the string is taut and the particle is moving up the plane, at distance 0<s≤3a0<s\le 3a its kinetic energy is

K= 3mg8a((3a)2−(3a−s)2)−mgs= mgs(54−3s8a)>0.\begin{align*} K=&\,\frac{3mg}{8a}\bigl((3a)^2-(3a-s)^2\bigr)-mgs\\[4mm] =&\,mgs\bigg(\frac54-\frac{3s}{8a}\bigg)>0. \end{align*}

In particular the kinetic energy at s=3as=3a is 3mga/83mga/8. After the string becomes slack, the retarding force is mgmg. The particle therefore travels an additional 3a/83a/8 before stopping, giving

OC=8a−38a=618a.OC=8a-\frac38a=\frac{61}{8}a.