题目
A bead of mass moves on a smooth circular wire, with centre and radius , in a vertical plane. The bead has speed when it is at the point where makes an angle with the downward vertical through , and . Subsequently the bead has speed at the point , where makes an angle with the upward vertical through . Angle is a right angle (see diagram). The reaction of the wire on the bead at is in the direction and has magnitude equal to of the magnitude of the reaction when the bead is at .
(a) Find, in terms of and , the magnitude of the reaction at .
(b) Given that , find the value of .
题目中文翻译
一个质量为 的小珠在竖直平面内的一根光滑圆形金属丝上运动,圆心为 ,半径为 。小珠位于点 时的速率为 ,其中 与经过 的竖直向下方向成 角,且 。随后,小珠到达点 时的速率为 ,其中 与经过 的竖直向上方向成 角。角 为直角(见图)。在 处,金属丝对小珠的作用力沿 方向,大小等于小珠在 处所受作用力大小的 。
(a) 用 和 表示小珠在 处所受作用力的大小。
(b) 已知 ,求 的值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
在 与 都取指向圆心为径向正方向。 的反力明确向外, 的反力需向内以克服重力的向外分量。
答题过程
展开
Since , we have . Let and be the reaction magnitudes. Taking inwards as positive, the radial equations are
The vertical rise is . Conservation of energy gives
Subtracting the radial equations and using gives
Hence .
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
用上一问的反力及比例求 的反力,再代入 的径向方程。
答题过程
展开
We have . Substituting into the radial equation at gives
It follows that , so .