题目
A particle is projected with speed at an angle above the horizontal from a point on a horizontal plane and moves freely under gravity. When has travelled a distance horizontally from , it is at a vertical height above the plane. When has travelled a distance horizontally from , it is at a vertical height above the plane.
Find, in either order, the value of and the value of .
题目中文翻译
质点 从水平面上的一点 以速率 、与水平方向成 的仰角抛出,并仅在重力作用下自由运动。当 从 水平运动了 时,它在该平面上方的竖直高度为 。当 从 水平运动了 时,它在该平面上方的竖直高度为 。
求 和 的值,求解顺序不限。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
解法一
思路
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初始发射角已知,因此抛物线轨迹只有二次项系数未知。把两个测量点代入,用第二个高度是第一个的一半来消元。
答题过程
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The launch angle satisfies and . The trajectory is
with . Writing , the two measurements give
Equating the first expression to twice the second gives . Thus , so . Since , . As is positive, . The first expression gives .