Skip to content
CalcGospel 國際數學圖譜
返回

CIE 9231 2024 November Paper 31 Q2

A Level / CIE / FM

CIE 9231 2024 Nov Paper 31 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

A particle PP of mass mm is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length aa. The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point OO. The particle PP is held at the point AA with the string taut. It is given that OAOA makes an angle θ\theta with the downward vertical through OO, where tan⁡θ=34\tan\theta=\frac34. The particle PP is projected perpendicular to OAOA in an upwards direction with speed 5ag\sqrt{5ag}, and it starts to move along a circular path in a vertical plane. When PP is at the point BB, where angle AOBAOB is a right angle, the tension in the string is TT.

Find TT in terms of mm and gg.

(5)
题目中文翻译

质量为 mm 的质点 PP 连接在一根长为 aa 的不可伸长轻绳的一端。绳的另一端连接在固定点 OO。将质点 PP 保持在点 AA 处,绳保持绷紧。已知 OAOA 与过 OO 的竖直向下方向成角 θ\theta,其中 tan⁡θ=34\tan\theta=\frac34。质点 PP 沿垂直于 OAOA 且向上的方向以速率 5ag\sqrt{5ag} 抛出,开始沿竖直平面内的一条圆形轨道运动。当 PP 位于点 BB 时,绳中的张力为 TT,其中角 AOBAOB 为直角。

用 mm 和 gg 表示 TT。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

解法一

思路

展开

先由切向发射的方向确定 BB 在 OO 上方。用 AA、BB 的高度差求 BB 点速率,再沿半径指向 OO 列式。

答题过程

展开

From tan⁡θ=3/4\tan\theta=3/4, we have sin⁡θ=3/5\sin\theta=3/5 and cos⁡θ=4/5\cos\theta=4/5. Point AA is acos⁡θa\cos\theta below OO. Since the initial tangent points upwards and OAOA turns through a right angle to OBOB, point BB is asin⁡θa\sin\theta above OO. If the speed at BB is vv, conservation of energy gives

12m(5ag)−12mv2=mga(cos⁡θ+sin⁡θ).\frac12m(5ag)-\frac12mv^2=mga(\cos\theta+\sin\theta).

Rearranging gives

v2=5ag−2ga(cos⁡θ+sin⁡θ)=115ag.v^2=5ag-2ga(\cos\theta+\sin\theta)=\frac{11}{5}ag.

At BB, the component of weight towards OO is mgsin⁡θmg\sin\theta. The radial equation gives

T+mgsin⁡θ= mv2a,T= 115mg−35mg=85mg.\begin{align*} T+mg\sin\theta=&\,\frac{mv^2}{a},\\[4mm] T=&\,\frac{11}{5}mg-\frac35mg=\boxed{\frac85mg}. \end{align*}