A particle P is projected from a point O on horizontal ground with speed u at an angle θ above the horizontal, where tanθ=31. The particle P moves freely under gravity and passes through the point with coordinates (3a,54a) relative to horizontal and vertical axes through O in the plane of the motion.
(a) Use the equation of the trajectory to show that u2=25ag.
(2)
At the instant when P is moving horizontally, a particle Q is projected from O with speed V at an angle α above the horizontal. The particles P and Q reach the ground at the same point and at the same time.
(b) Express V2 in the form kag, where k is a rational number.
(6)
题目中文翻译
质点 P 从水平地面上的一点 O 以速率 u、与水平方向成角 θ 向上抛出,其中 tanθ=31。质点 P 仅在重力作用下自由运动。以运动平面内过 O 的水平轴和竖直轴为坐标轴,P 经过坐标为 (3a,54a) 的点。
(a) 利用轨迹方程证明 u2=25ag。
(2)
在 P 沿水平方向运动的瞬间,质点 Q 从 O 以速率 V、与水平方向成角 α 向上抛出。质点 P 和 Q 同时到达地面上的同一点。
(b) 将 V2 表示为 kag 的形式,其中 k 为有理数。
(6)
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
The range equations give Vcosα(T/2)=ucosθT, so Vcosα=2ucosθ. Since the flight time at equal launch and landing heights is twice the initial vertical component divided by g, we also have Vsinα=21usinθ. It follows that