题目
A particle is projected with speed at an angle , where , above the horizontal from a point on a horizontal plane and moves freely under gravity. The horizontal and vertical displacements of from at a time are denoted by and respectively.
(a) Use the equation of the trajectory given in the list of formulae (MF 19) to show that
(b) In the subsequent motion, passes through the point with coordinates . The particle then hits a fixed vertical barrier high that is at a horizontal distance of from the point of projection.
Find the set of possible values of .
题目中文翻译
质点 从水平面上的点 以速度 、与水平方向成角 的方向斜向上抛出,其中 ,随后仅在重力作用下运动。在 时, 相对于 的水平位移和竖直位移分别记为 和 。
(a) 使用公式表(MF 19)中给出的轨迹方程,证明
(b) 在随后的运动中, 经过坐标为 的点。该质点随后撞上一面高为 的固定竖直挡板;挡板距投射点的水平距离为 。
求 的可能取值集合。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要重力加速度的数值时,取 。请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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从公式表的轨迹方程开始。用 将 换成已知值。
答题过程
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The trajectory equation is . Here , , so and . Substitution gives .
(b)
解法一
思路
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先用 确定初速度。到达障碍物必须在通过该点之后,且此时高度介于地面与障碍物顶端之间。
答题过程
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At , part (a) gives , so , giving . The height at is
The barrier is reached after the point at , so . The condition gives for . Also is equivalent to
Thus or . Combining the conditions gives , counting contact with the top or foot of the barrier.