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CIE 9231 2025 November Paper 34 Q2

A Level / CIE / FM

CIE 9231 2025 Nov Paper 34 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

A particle PP is projected with speed u m s−1u\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} at an angle θ\theta, where tan⁡θ=2\tan\theta=2, above the horizontal from a point OO on a horizontal plane and moves freely under gravity. The horizontal and vertical displacements of PP from OO at a time t st\,\mathrm{s} are denoted by x mx\,\mathrm{m} and y my\,\mathrm{m} respectively.

(a) Use the equation of the trajectory given in the list of formulae (MF 19) to show that

y=2x−25x2u2.y=2x-\frac{25x^2}{u^2}.
(1)

(b) In the subsequent motion, PP passes through the point with coordinates (8,12)(8,12). The particle then hits a fixed vertical barrier 7 m7\,\mathrm{m} high that is at a horizontal distance of D mD\,\mathrm{m} from the point of projection.

Find the set of possible values of DD.

(5)
题目中文翻译

质点 PP 从水平面上的点 OO 以速度 u m s−1u\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}、与水平方向成角 θ\theta 的方向斜向上抛出,其中 tan⁡θ=2\tan\theta=2,随后仅在重力作用下运动。在 t st\,\mathrm{s} 时,PP 相对于 OO 的水平位移和竖直位移分别记为 x mx\,\mathrm{m} 和 y my\,\mathrm{m}。

(a) 使用公式表(MF 19)中给出的轨迹方程,证明

y=2x−25x2u2.y=2x-\frac{25x^2}{u^2}.
(1)

(b) 在随后的运动中,PP 经过坐标为 (8,12)(8,12) 的点。该质点随后撞上一面高为 7 m7\,\mathrm{m} 的固定竖直挡板;挡板距投射点的水平距离为 D mD\,\mathrm{m}。

求 DD 的可能取值集合。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要重力加速度的数值时,取 g=10 m s−2g=10\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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从公式表的轨迹方程开始。用 1+tan⁡2θ=sec⁡2θ1+\tan^2\theta=\sec^2\theta 将 cos⁡2θ\cos^2\theta 换成已知值。

答题过程

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The trajectory equation is y=xtan⁡θ−gx22u2cos⁡2θy=x\tan\theta-\frac{gx^2}{2u^2\cos^2\theta}. Here tan⁡θ=2\tan\theta=2, sec⁡2θ=1+tan⁡2θ=5\sec^2\theta=1+\tan^2\theta=5, so cos⁡2θ=1/5\cos^2\theta=1/5 and g=10 m s−2g=10\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}. Substitution gives y=2x−25x2u2y=2x-\frac{25x^2}{u^2}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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先用 (8,12)(8,12) 确定初速度。到达障碍物必须在通过该点之后,且此时高度介于地面与障碍物顶端之间。

答题过程

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At (8,12)(8,12), part (a) gives 12=16−25(8)2/u212=16-25(8)^2/u^2, so 4u2=25(64)=16004u^2=25(64)=1600, giving u2=400u^2=400. The height at x=Dx=D is

y(D)=2D−D216.y(D)=2D-\frac{D^2}{16}.

The barrier is reached after the point at x=8x=8, so D>8D>8. The condition y(D)=D(32−D)/16≥0y(D)=D(32-D)/16\ge0 gives D≤32D\le32 for D>0D>0. Also y(D)≤7y(D)\le7 is equivalent to

D2−32D+112=(D−4)(D−28)≥0.D^2-32D+112=(D-4)(D-28)\ge0.

Thus D≤4D\le4 or D≥28D\ge28. Combining the conditions gives 28≤D≤32\boxed{28\le D\le32}, counting contact with the top or foot of the barrier.