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CIE 9231 2023 June Paper 12 Q6

A Level / CIE / FP1

CIE 9231 2023 June Paper 12 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

The curve CC has equation y=x2+2x−15x−2y=\dfrac{x^2+2x-15}{x-2}.

(a) Find the equations of the asymptotes of CC.

(3)

(b) Show that CC has no stationary points.

(3)

(c) Sketch CC, stating the coordinates of the intersections with the axes.

(3)

(d) Sketch the curve with equation y=∣x2−2x−15x−2∣y=\Big|\dfrac{x^2-2x-15}{x-2}\Big|.

(2)

(e) Find the set of values of xx for which ∣2x2+4x−30x−2∣<15\Big|\dfrac{2x^2+4x-30}{x-2}\Big|<15.

(4)
题目中文翻译

曲线 CC 的方程为 y=x2+2x−15x−2y=\dfrac{x^2+2x-15}{x-2}。

(a) 求 CC 的渐近线方程。

(3)

(b) 证明 CC 没有驻点。

(3)

(c) 画出 CC 的示意图,并写出它与坐标轴的交点坐标。

(3)

(d) 画出方程为 y=∣x2−2x−15x−2∣y=\Big|\dfrac{x^2-2x-15}{x-2}\Big| 的曲线的示意图。

(2)

(e) 求满足 ∣2x2+4x−30x−2∣<15\Big|\dfrac{2x^2+4x-30}{x-2}\Big|<15 的 xx 的取值集合。

(4)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

题目勘误

官方原题:(d) 写的是 y=∣x2−2x−15x−2∣y=\Big|\dfrac{x^2-2x-15}{x-2}\Big|,其横轴交点为 (−3,0)(-3,0)、(5,0)(5,0)。

实际上应为:可确认的是题面与评分图不一致。官方评分图的横轴交点为 (−5,0)(-5,0)、(3,0)(3,0),对应 y=∣x2+2x−15x−2∣y=\Big|\dfrac{x^2+2x-15}{x-2}\Big|;尚无指定将 −2x-2x 改为 +2x+2x 的官方更正依据。

本页保留官方英文及中文翻译中的 −2x-2x,未替换题面。(d) 解答采用与评分图一致的 +2x+2x 解释。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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多项式除法分出直线项与真分式,读出斜渐近线和分母零点。

答题过程

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Division gives

y=x+4−7x−2.y=x+4-\frac7{x-2}.

The remainder is nonzero, so the asymptotes are

x=2andy=x+4.\boxed{x=2\quad\text{and}\quad y=x+4}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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从除法结果求导,导数恒大于零,因此不存在驻点。

答题过程

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Differentiating the expression from (a),

dydx=1+7(x−2)2>0(x≠2).\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}=1+\frac7{(x-2)^2}>0 \qquad(x\ne2).

Thus the derivative is never zero on the domain, so CC has no stationary points.

解法二

思路

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也可用商法则,把驻点条件化为二次方程,其判别式为负。

答题过程

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The quotient rule gives

dydx= (2x+2)(x−2)−(x2+2x−15)(x−2)2= x2−4x+11(x−2)2.\begin{align*} \frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} =&\,\frac{(2x+2)(x-2)-(x^2+2x-15)}{(x-2)^2}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{x^2-4x+11}{(x-2)^2}. \end{align*}

A stationary point would require x2−4x+11=0x^2-4x+11=0. Its discriminant is (−4)2−4(11)=−28<0(-4)^2-4(11)=-28<0, so there are no real solutions and no stationary points.

(c)

解法一

思路

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求三处轴交点,再用余项符号判断两支相对斜渐近线的位置;两支都严格上升。

答题过程

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Since x2+2x−15=(x+5)(x−3)x^2+2x-15=(x+5)(x-3), the intercepts are

(−5,0),(3,0),(0,15/2).\boxed{(-5,0),\quad(3,0),\quad(0,15/2)}.

Label x=2x=2 and y=x+4y=x+4. For x<2x<2, sketch an increasing branch above the oblique asymptote, passing through (−5,0)(-5,0) and (0,15/2)(0,15/2) and tending to +∞+\infty as x→2−x\to2^-. For x>2x>2, sketch an increasing branch below the oblique asymptote, tending from −∞-\infty as x→2+x\to2^+ through (3,0)(3,0) and then to +∞+\infty.

Both outer tails approach the oblique asymptote.

(d)

解法一

思路

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按本页提醒中与评分图一致的加2x解释,把(c)曲线的负部分向上反射。原横轴交点成为尖点,竖直渐近线两侧都趋于正无穷。

答题过程

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Under the +2x+2x interpretation identified in the warning above, sketch

y=∣x2+2x−15x−2∣.y=\bigg|\frac{x^2+2x-15}{x-2}\bigg|.

Reflect the portions of CC below the xx-axis in that axis, keeping the other portions unchanged.

The graph has sharp minima at (−5,0)(-5,0) and (3,0)(3,0), passes through (0,15/2)(0,15/2) and tends to +∞+\infty on both sides of x=2x=2. Its outer asymptotes are y=−x−4y=-x-4 as x→−∞x\to-\infty and y=x+4y=x+4 as x→+∞x\to+\infty.

(e)

解法一

思路

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先将绝对值式化成原函数在正负二分之十五之间的条件,分别求两条水平边界的交点,再按两支单调性判区间。

答题过程

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Let f(x)=x2+2x−15x−2f(x)=\dfrac{x^2+2x-15}{x-2} for x≠2x\ne2. The inequality is equivalent to

−152<f(x)<152.-\frac{15}{2}<f(x)<\frac{15}{2}.

For the upper boundary,

f(x)=152⟹2x2+4x−30=15x−30⟹x(2x−11)=0,\begin{align*} f(x)=\frac{15}{2} \quad\Longrightarrow&\quad 2x^2+4x-30=15x-30\\[4mm] \Longrightarrow&\quad x(2x-11)=0, \end{align*}

giving x=0,11/2x=0,11/2.

For the lower boundary,

f(x)=−152⟹2x2+4x−30=−15x+30⟹(x+12)(2x−5)=0,\begin{align*} f(x)=-\frac{15}{2} \quad\Longrightarrow&\quad 2x^2+4x-30=-15x+30\\[4mm] \Longrightarrow&\quad (x+12)(2x-5)=0, \end{align*}

giving x=−12,5/2x=-12,5/2.

Since ff is strictly increasing on each side of x=2x=2, the values between the two horizontal levels occur for

−12<x<0or52<x<112.\boxed{-12<x<0\quad\text{or}\quad\frac52<x<\frac{11}{2}}.

All endpoints are excluded because the inequality is strict; neither interval includes x=2x=2.