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CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 12 Q2

A Level / CIE / FP1

CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 12 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

The cubic equation x3+2x+1=0x^3+2x+1=0 has roots α\alpha, β\beta, γ\gamma.

(a) Find a cubic equation whose roots are α3−1\alpha^3-1, β3−1\beta^3-1, γ3−1\gamma^3-1.

(3)

(b) Find the value of (α3−1)2+(β3−1)2+(γ3−1)2(\alpha^3-1)^2+(\beta^3-1)^2+(\gamma^3-1)^2.

(2)

(c) Find the value of (α3−1)3+(β3−1)3+(γ3−1)3(\alpha^3-1)^3+(\beta^3-1)^3+(\gamma^3-1)^3.

(2)
题目中文翻译

三次方程 x3+2x+1=0x^3+2x+1=0 的根为 α\alpha、β\beta、γ\gamma。

(a) 求一个以 α3−1\alpha^3-1、β3−1\beta^3-1、γ3−1\gamma^3-1 为根的三次方程。

(3)

(b) 求 (α3−1)2+(β3−1)2+(γ3−1)2(\alpha^3-1)^2+(\beta^3-1)^2+(\gamma^3-1)^2 的值。

(2)

(c) 求 (α3−1)3+(β3−1)3+(γ3−1)3(\alpha^3-1)^3+(\beta^3-1)^3+(\gamma^3-1)^3 的值。

(2)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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设新根为y=x立方−1,利用原方程同时把y表示成x的一次式,再立方消去x。

答题过程

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Put y=x3−1y=x^3-1 for an original root xx. Since x3+2x+1=0x^3+2x+1=0,

y+1=x3=−2x−1,y+2=−2x.y+1=x^3=-2x-1, \qquad y+2=-2x.

Cubing the second relation gives

(y+2)3=−8x3=−8(y+1).(y+2)^3=-8x^3=-8(y+1).

Hence

y3+6y2+12y+8+8y+8=0.y^3+6y^2+12y+8+8y+8=0.

The required cubic equation is therefore

y3+6y2+20y+16=0.\boxed{y^3+6y^2+20y+16=0}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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所求是新三次方程根的平方和,用韦达关系即可。

答题过程

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Let the new roots be p,q,rp,q,r. Then p+q+r=−6p+q+r=-6 and pq+qr+rp=20pq+qr+rp=20. Therefore

p2+q2+r2=(−6)2−2(20)=−4.p^2+q^2+r^2=(-6)^2-2(20)=\boxed{-4}.

(c)

解法一

思路

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各新根满足三次方程,将三式相加求立方和;常数项要累加三次。

答题过程

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Each new root yy satisfies y3=−6y2−20y−16y^3=-6y^2-20y-16. Summing gives

p3+q3+r3= −6(−4)−20(−6)−16(3)= 96.\begin{align*} p^3+q^3+r^3=&\,-6(-4)-20(-6)-16(3)\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{96}. \end{align*}