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CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 13 Q1

A Level / CIE / FP1

CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 13 Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

The matrix M\mathbf{M} represents the sequence of two transformations in the xx-yy plane given by a stretch parallel to the xx-axis, scale factor 1414, followed by a rotation anticlockwise about the origin through angle 13π\frac13\pi.

(a) Show that 2M=(14−31431)2\mathbf{M}=\begin{pmatrix}14&-\sqrt{3}\\14\sqrt{3}&1\end{pmatrix}.

(4)

(b) Find the equations of the invariant lines, through the origin, of the transformation in the xx-yy plane represented by M\mathbf{M}.

(5)

The unit square SS in the xx-yy plane is transformed by M\mathbf{M} onto the rectangle PP.

(c) Find the matrix which transforms PP onto SS.

(2)
题目中文翻译

矩阵 M\mathbf{M} 表示在 xx-yy 平面上依次进行的两个变换:先沿平行于 xx 轴的方向拉伸,比例因子为 1414,再绕原点逆时针旋转 13π\frac13\pi。

(a) 证明 2M=(14−31431)2\mathbf{M}=\begin{pmatrix}14&-\sqrt{3}\\14\sqrt{3}&1\end{pmatrix}。

(4)

(b) 求矩阵 M\mathbf{M} 所表示的 xx-yy 平面上的变换中,经过原点的不变直线的方程。

(5)

xx-yy 平面上的单位正方形 SS 经矩阵 M\mathbf{M} 变换后得到矩形 PP。

(c) 求将 PP 变换为 SS 的矩阵。

(2)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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先伸缩再旋转,列向量约定下旋转矩阵在左边。代入π/3的精确三角值。

答题过程

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The stretch matrix is S=(14001)\mathbf S=\begin{pmatrix}14&0\\0&1\end{pmatrix} and the rotation matrix is

R=(1/2−3/23/21/2).\mathbf R=\begin{pmatrix}1/2&-\sqrt3/2\\\sqrt3/2&1/2\end{pmatrix}.

Since the stretch is applied first,

M=RS=(14/2−3/2143/21/2).\mathbf M=\mathbf R\mathbf S =\begin{pmatrix}14/2&-\sqrt3/2\\14\sqrt3/2&1/2\end{pmatrix}.

Hence

2M=(14−31431),\boxed{2\mathbf M=\begin{pmatrix}14&-\sqrt3\\14\sqrt3&1\end{pmatrix}},

as required.

(b)

解法一

思路

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设不变直线y=mx,要求像点满足Y=mX。另检查竖直线不会遗漏。

答题过程

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For a point (x,mx)(x,mx), its image is

X= 7x−32mx,Y= 73x+12mx.\begin{align*} X=&\,7x-\frac{\sqrt3}{2}mx,\\[4mm] Y=&\,7\sqrt3x+\frac12mx. \end{align*}

Using Y=mXY=mX,

143+m= 14m−3m2,3m2−13m+143= 0.\begin{align*} 14\sqrt3+m=&\,14m-\sqrt3m^2, \\[4mm] \sqrt3m^2-13m+14\sqrt3=&\,0. \end{align*}

Thus

m=13±169−16823=23 or 73.m=\frac{13\pm\sqrt{169-168}}{2\sqrt3} =2\sqrt3\text{ or }\frac7{\sqrt3}.

The vertical line is not invariant because (0,1)(0,1) maps to (−3/2,1/2)(-\sqrt3/2,1/2). Therefore

y=23x,y=73x.\boxed{y=2\sqrt3x,\qquad y=\frac7{\sqrt3}x}.

(c)

解法一

思路

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把像矩形变回原正方形,需要原变换的逆矩阵。注意要求的是M的逆,不是2M的逆。

答题过程

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The required matrix is M−1\mathbf M^{-1}. Since det⁡M=14\det\mathbf M=14,

M−1= 114(1/23/2−737)= (1/283/28−3/21/2).\begin{align*} \mathbf M^{-1} =&\,\frac1{14}\begin{pmatrix}1/2&\sqrt3/2\\-7\sqrt3&7\end{pmatrix}\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{\begin{pmatrix}1/28&\sqrt3/28\\-\sqrt3/2&1/2\end{pmatrix}}. \end{align*}