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CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 13 Q5

A Level / CIE / FP1

CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 13 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

The plane Π\Pi has equation

r= 2i+3j−2k+λ(i−2j−k) +μ(3i+2j−2k).\begin{align*} \mathbf{r}=&\,2\mathbf{i}+3\mathbf{j}-2\mathbf{k}+\lambda(\mathbf{i}-2\mathbf{j}-\mathbf{k})\\ &\,\hspace{2pt}+\mu(3\mathbf{i}+2\mathbf{j}-2\mathbf{k}). \end{align*}

(a) Find a Cartesian equation of Π\Pi, giving your answer in the form ax+by+cz=dax+by+cz=d.

(4)

The point PP has position vector 4i+2j+9k4\mathbf{i}+2\mathbf{j}+9\mathbf{k}.

(b) Find the position vector of the foot of the perpendicular from PP to Π\Pi.

(4)

(c) The line ll is parallel to the vector 3i+5j−k3\mathbf{i}+5\mathbf{j}-\mathbf{k}.

Find the acute angle between ll and Π\Pi.

(3)
题目中文翻译

平面 Π\Pi 的方程为

r= 2i+3j−2k+λ(i−2j−k) +μ(3i+2j−2k).\begin{align*} \mathbf{r}=&\,2\mathbf{i}+3\mathbf{j}-2\mathbf{k}+\lambda(\mathbf{i}-2\mathbf{j}-\mathbf{k})\\ &\,\hspace{2pt}+\mu(3\mathbf{i}+2\mathbf{j}-2\mathbf{k}). \end{align*}

(a) 求 Π\Pi 的笛卡尔方程,答案写成 ax+by+cz=dax+by+cz=d 的形式。

(4)

点 PP 的位置向量为 4i+2j+9k4\mathbf{i}+2\mathbf{j}+9\mathbf{k}。

(b) 求从 PP 向 Π\Pi 作垂线所得垂足的位置向量。

(4)

(c) 直线 ll 平行于向量 3i+5j−k3\mathbf{i}+5\mathbf{j}-\mathbf{k}。

求 ll 与 Π\Pi 之间的锐角。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

两个平面内方向叉积得到法向量,再代入固定点求常数。

答题过程

展开

A normal is

(1,−2,−1)×(3,2,−2)=(6,−1,8).(1,-2,-1)\times(3,2,-2)=(6,-1,8).

Using the point (2,3,−2)(2,3,-2),

6x−y+8z=12−3−16=−7.6x-y+8z=12-3-16=-7.

Hence 6x−y+8z=−7\boxed{6x-y+8z=-7}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

垂足位于经过P且平行法向量的直线上;将其参数式代入平面方程。

答题过程

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The perpendicular line through PP has equation

r=(4,2,9)+t(6,−1,8).\mathbf r=(4,2,9)+t(6,-1,8).

At the foot FF, this point lies in Π\Pi, so

6(4+6t)−(2−t)+8(9+8t)=−7.6(4+6t)-(2-t)+8(9+8t)=-7.

Thus 94+101t=−794+101t=-7, giving t=−1t=-1. Therefore

OF→=−2i+3j+k.\boxed{\overrightarrow{OF}=-2\mathbf i+3\mathbf j+\mathbf k}.

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

直线与平面的锐角正弦等于方向向量在法向量方向的投影比例。

答题过程

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The line direction is d=(3,5,−1)\mathbf d=(3,5,-1) and a plane normal is n=(6,−1,8)\mathbf n=(6,-1,8). Their dot product is 18−5−8=518-5-8=5.

For the acute angle ϕ\phi between the line and plane,

sin⁡ϕ=∣d⋅n∣∣d∣∣n∣=535101.\sin\phi=\frac{|\mathbf d\cdot\mathbf n|}{|\mathbf d||\mathbf n|} =\frac5{\sqrt{35}\sqrt{101}}.

Hence ϕ≈4.8∘\boxed{\phi\approx4.8^\circ} to 11 decimal place.