题目
The matrix represents the sequence of two transformations in the - plane given by a stretch parallel to the -axis, scale factor (), followed by a shear, -axis fixed, with mapped to .
(a) Show that .
(b) The transformation represented by has a line of invariant points.
Find, in terms of , the equation of this line.
The square in the - plane is transformed by onto the parallelogram .
(c) Given that the area of is half of the area of , find the possible values of .
题目中文翻译
矩阵 表示在 - 平面上依次进行的两个变换:先进行平行于 轴、伸缩因子为 ()的伸缩变换,再进行以 轴为不动轴、将 映射到 的错切变换。
(a) 证明 。
(b) 矩阵 所表示的变换有一条由不动点组成的直线。
用 表示这条直线的方程。
- 平面上的正方形 经 变换后得到平行四边形 。
(c) 已知 的面积为 的面积的一半,求 的可能值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
先伸缩再错切,采用列向量时,后做的变换矩阵要乘在左边。
答题过程
展开
The stretch and shear have matrices
respectively. The shear fixes and maps to .
Since the stretch is applied first,
as required.
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
不变点要求变换后的两个坐标都等于原坐标,而不仅是直线整体不变。
答题过程
展开
For a fixed point ,
The second coordinate is automatically unchanged, and the first requires . Hence the line of invariant points is
(c)
解法一
思路
展开
面积倍数是行列式的绝对值,负行列式仍可能给出正确面积倍数。
答题过程
展开
The area scale factor is . Since the area of is twice that of ,
Thus ; both satisfy .