The curve C has polar equation r=asec2θ, where a is a positive constant and 0≤θ≤41π.
(a) Sketch C, stating the polar coordinates of the point of intersection of C with the initial line and also with the half-line θ=41π.
(3)
(b) Find the maximum distance of a point of C from the initial line.
(2)
(c) Find the area of the region enclosed by C, the initial line and the half-line θ=41π.
(4)
(d) Find, in the form y=f(x), the Cartesian equation of C.
(3)
题目中文翻译
曲线 C 的极坐标方程为 r=asec2θ,其中 a 为正常数,且 0≤θ≤41π。
(a) 画出 C 的草图,写出 C 与极轴的交点,以及与射线 θ=41π 的交点的极坐标。
(3)
(b) 求 C 上的点到极轴的最大距离。
(2)
(c) 求由 C、极轴和射线 θ=41π 所围区域的面积。
(4)
(d) 求 C 的直角坐标方程,写成 y=f(x) 的形式。
(3)
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
Thus the polar coordinates of the required intersections are
(a,0)and(2a,π/4).
Sketch an increasing first-quadrant arc from Cartesian point (a,0) to (a2,a2), with vertical tangent at its starting point and positive gradient thereafter. Label the initial line and the boundary half-line θ=π/4.
(b)
解法一
思路
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到极轴的距离是纵坐标,极径与正弦都在该区间增加,所以最大值在终点。
答题过程
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The distance is y=rsinθ=asec2θsinθ. Both nonnegative factors increase on [0,π/4], so the maximum is attained at θ=π/4.
Hence the maximum distance is
ymax=2asin(π/4)=a2.
(c)
解法一
思路
展开
面积积分包含正割四次,用正切替换一个正割平方,再令u为正切即可。
答题过程
展开A=2a2∫0π/4sec4θdθ.
Using sec2θ=1+tan2θ, put u=tanθ, so du=sec2θdθ and the limits become 0,1. Then