题目
Problem
Let In=∫01(1−x)nsinhxdx, where n is a non-negative integer.
(a) Show that, for n≥2, In=−1+n(n−1)In−2.
[4]
(b) Find the exact value of I2.
[3]
题目中文翻译
令 In=∫01(1−x)nsinhxdx,其中 n 是非负整数。
(a) 证明当 n≥2 时,In=−1+n(n−1)In−2。
(4)
(b) 求 I2 的精确值。
(3)
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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连续分部积分两次,使 (1−x) 的幂降低两次。分别检查两个边界项,第一个给出 −1,第二个为零。
答题过程
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For the first integration by parts take u=(1−x)n and dv=sinhxdx. Then du=−n(1−x)n−1dx and v=coshx. For the second take u=(1−x)n−1 and dv=coshxdx, so
=∫01(1−x)n−1coshxdx[(1−x)n−1sinhx]01+(n−1)In−2.
For n≥2, the first boundary term below is −1, and the second is zero because (1−x)n−1=0 at x=1 and sinh0=0. Thus
In===[(1−x)ncoshx]01+n∫01(1−x)n−1coshxdx−1+n[(1−x)n−1sinhx]01+n(n−1)∫01(1−x)n−2sinhxdx−1+n(n−1)In−2.
(b)
解法一
思路
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将 n=2 代入递推式,再直接积分求 I0。
答题过程
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We have I0=[coshx]01=cosh1−1. Thus
I2=−1+2I0=2cosh1−3.