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CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 22 Q2

A Level / CIE / FP2

CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 22 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

Let In=∫01(1−x)nsinh⁡x dxI_n = \int_0^1 (1 - x)^n\sinh x\,\mathrm{d}x, where nn is a non-negative integer.

(a) Show that, for n≥2n \ge 2, In=−1+n(n−1)In−2I_n = -1 + n(n - 1)I_{n - 2}.

[4]

(b) Find the exact value of I2I_2.

[3]
题目中文翻译

令 In=∫01(1−x)nsinh⁡x dxI_n = \int_0^1 (1 - x)^n\sinh x\,\mathrm{d}x,其中 nn 是非负整数。

(a) 证明当 n≥2n \ge 2 时,In=−1+n(n−1)In−2I_n = -1 + n(n - 1)I_{n - 2}。

(4)

(b) 求 I2I_2 的精确值。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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连续分部积分两次,使 (1−x)(1-x) 的幂降低两次。分别检查两个边界项,第一个给出 −1-1,第二个为零。

答题过程

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For the first integration by parts take u=(1−x)nu=(1-x)^n and dv=sinh⁡x dx\mathrm{d}v=\sinh x\,\mathrm{d}x. Then du=−n(1−x)n−1 dx\mathrm{d}u=-n(1-x)^{n-1}\,\mathrm{d}x and v=cosh⁡xv=\cosh x. For the second take u=(1−x)n−1u=(1-x)^{n-1} and dv=cosh⁡x dx\mathrm{d}v=\cosh x\,\mathrm{d}x, so

 ∫01(1−x)n−1cosh⁡x dx= [(1−x)n−1sinh⁡x]01+(n−1)In−2.\begin{align*} &\,\int_0^1(1-x)^{n-1}\cosh x\,\mathrm{d}x\\ =&\,[(1-x)^{n-1}\sinh x]_0^1+(n-1)I_{n-2}. \end{align*}

For n≥2n\ge2, the first boundary term below is −1-1, and the second is zero because (1−x)n−1=0(1-x)^{n-1}=0 at x=1x=1 and sinh⁡0=0\sinh0=0. Thus

In= [(1−x)ncosh⁡x]01+n∫01(1−x)n−1cosh⁡x dx= −1+n[(1−x)n−1sinh⁡x]01 +n(n−1)∫01(1−x)n−2sinh⁡x dx= −1+n(n−1)In−2.\begin{align*} I_n =&\,[(1-x)^n\cosh x]_0^1+n\int_0^1(1-x)^{n-1}\cosh x\,\mathrm{d}x\\ =&\,-1+n[(1-x)^{n-1}\sinh x]_0^1\\ &\,\hspace{2pt}+n(n-1)\int_0^1(1-x)^{n-2}\sinh x\,\mathrm{d}x\\ =&\,-1+n(n-1)I_{n-2}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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将 n=2n=2 代入递推式,再直接积分求 I0I_0。

答题过程

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We have I0=[cosh⁡x]01=cosh⁡1−1I_0=[\cosh x]_0^1=\cosh1-1. Thus

I2=−1+2I0=2cosh⁡1−3.I_2=-1+2I_0=\boxed{2\cosh1-3}.