题目
Problem
Find the Maclaurin’s series for ex+21 up to and including the term in x2.
[5]
题目中文翻译
求 ex+21 的 Maclaurin 级数,展开到并包括 x2 项。
(5)
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
解法一
思路
展开
先求函数在 0 处的值和前两阶导数。二阶导数需要对一阶导数使用乘积法则。
答题过程
展开
For f(x)=e1/(x+2),
f′(x)=−(x+2)2f(x),f′′(x)=(x+2)4f(x)+(x+2)32f(x).
Here the product rule gives
f′′(x)=−(x+2)2f′(x)+(x+2)32f(x).
Thus f(0)=e1/2, f′(0)=−41e1/2 and f′′(0)=165e1/2. Using f(x)=f(0)+xf′(0)+2x2f′′(0)+O(x3), the Maclaurin expansion is
e1/(x+2)=e1/2(1−4x+325x2)+O(x3).
解法二
思路
展开
也可先展开指数里的 x+21,提出常数对应的 e1/2,再对余下的指数作展开。
答题过程
展开
Near x=0,
x+21==21(1+x/2)−121−4x+8x2+O(x3).
Writing u=−4x+8x2+O(x3), we have eu=1+u+21u2+O(x3). Therefore
==e1/(x+2)e1/2(1−4x+8x2+32x2)+O(x3)e1/2(1−4x+325x2)+O(x3).