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CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 23 Q1

A Level / CIE / FP2

CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 23 Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

Find the Maclaurin’s series for e1x+2e^{\frac{1}{x + 2}} up to and including the term in x2x^2.

[5]
题目中文翻译

求 e1x+2e^{\frac{1}{x + 2}} 的 Maclaurin 级数,展开到并包括 x2x^2 项。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

解法一

思路

展开

先求函数在 00 处的值和前两阶导数。二阶导数需要对一阶导数使用乘积法则。

答题过程

展开

For f(x)=e1/(x+2)f(x)=e^{1/(x+2)},

f′(x)=−f(x)(x+2)2,f′′(x)=f(x)(x+2)4+2f(x)(x+2)3.f'(x)=-\frac{f(x)}{(x+2)^2}, \qquad f''(x)=\frac{f(x)}{(x+2)^4}+\frac{2f(x)}{(x+2)^3}.

Here the product rule gives

f′′(x)=−f′(x)(x+2)2+2f(x)(x+2)3.f''(x)=-\frac{f'(x)}{(x+2)^2}+\frac{2f(x)}{(x+2)^3}.

Thus f(0)=e1/2f(0)=e^{1/2}, f′(0)=−14e1/2f'(0)=-\frac14e^{1/2} and f′′(0)=516e1/2f''(0)=\frac5{16}e^{1/2}. Using f(x)=f(0)+xf′(0)+x22f′′(0)+O(x3)f(x)=f(0)+xf'(0)+\frac{x^2}{2}f''(0)+O(x^3), the Maclaurin expansion is

e1/(x+2)=e1/2(1−x4+5x232)+O(x3).e^{1/(x+2)}=e^{1/2}\bigg(1-\frac x4+\frac{5x^2}{32}\bigg)+O(x^3).

解法二

思路

展开

也可先展开指数里的 1x+2\frac1{x+2},提出常数对应的 e1/2e^{1/2},再对余下的指数作展开。

答题过程

展开

Near x=0x=0,

1x+2= 12(1+x/2)−1= 12−x4+x28+O(x3).\begin{align*} \frac1{x+2}=&\,\frac12(1+x/2)^{-1}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac12-\frac x4+\frac{x^2}{8}+O(x^3). \end{align*}

Writing u=−x4+x28+O(x3)u=-\frac x4+\frac{x^2}{8}+O(x^3), we have eu=1+u+12u2+O(x3)e^u=1+u+\frac12u^2+O(x^3). Therefore

 e1/(x+2)= e1/2(1−x4+x28+x232)+O(x3)= e1/2(1−x4+5x232)+O(x3).\begin{align*} &\,e^{1/(x+2)}\\[4mm] =&\,e^{1/2}\bigg(1-\frac x4+\frac{x^2}{8}+\frac{x^2}{32}\bigg)+O(x^3)\\[4mm] =&\,e^{1/2}\bigg(1-\frac x4+\frac{5x^2}{32}\bigg)+O(x^3). \end{align*}