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CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 24 Q5

A Level / CIE / FP2

CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 24 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

(a) Use de Moivre’s theorem to show that

sin⁡7θ=−64sin⁡7θ+112sin⁡5θ−56sin⁡3θ+7sin⁡θ.\sin 7\theta = -64\sin^7\theta + 112\sin^5\theta - 56\sin^3\theta + 7\sin\theta.
[5]

(b) Hence find all roots of the equation

64x6−112x4+56x2−7=064x^6 - 112x^4 + 56x^2 - 7 = 0

in the form sin⁡qπ\sin q\pi, where qq is a rational number.

[3]
题目中文翻译

(a) 使用 De Moivre 定理证明

sin⁡7θ=−64sin⁡7θ+112sin⁡5θ−56sin⁡3θ+7sin⁡θ\sin 7\theta = -64\sin^7\theta + 112\sin^5\theta - 56\sin^3\theta + 7\sin\theta
(5)

(b) 据此求方程

64x6−112x4+56x2−7=064x^6 - 112x^4 + 56x^2 - 7 = 0

的全部根,并将其写成 sin⁡qπ\sin q\pi 的形式,其中 qq 为有理数。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

用 de Moivre 定理,把 sin⁡7θ\sin7\theta 写成七次方展开的虚部。只保留含奇数次 i\mathrm{i} 的项,再用 cos⁡2θ=1−sin⁡2θ\cos^2\theta=1-\sin^2\theta。

答题过程

展开

Write c=cos⁡θc=\cos\theta and s=sin⁡θs=\sin\theta. Taking imaginary parts in (c+is)7=cos⁡7θ+isin⁡7θ(c+\mathrm{i}s)^7=\cos7\theta+\mathrm{i}\sin7\theta gives

sin⁡7θ= 7c6s−35c4s3+21c2s5−s7= 7s(1−3s2+3s4−s6) −35s3(1−2s2+s4) +21s5(1−s2)−s7= −64s7+112s5−56s3+7s.\begin{align*} \sin7\theta =&\,7c^6s-35c^4s^3+21c^2s^5-s^7\\ =&\,7s(1-3s^2+3s^4-s^6)\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}-35s^3(1-2s^2+s^4)\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{4pt}+21s^5(1-s^2)-s^7\\[4mm] =&\,-64s^7+112s^5-56s^3+7s. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

令 x=sin⁡θx=\sin\theta。由 (a),原多项式乘 −x-x 后对应 sin⁡7θ\sin7\theta。不能把乘上 xx 后新增的零根算进去。

答题过程

展开

For x=sin⁡θ≠0x=\sin\theta\ne0, part (a) shows that the equation is equivalent to sin⁡7θ=0\sin7\theta=0. Thus 7θ=kπ7\theta=k\pi for integer kk. On [−π2,π2][-\frac\pi2,\frac\pi2], the allowable non-zero values of kk are ±1,±2,±3\pm1,\pm2,\pm3. Hence

x= sin⁡π7,sin⁡−π7, sin⁡2π7,sin⁡−2π7, sin⁡3π7,sin⁡−3π7.\begin{align*} x=&\,\sin\frac\pi7,\quad\sin\frac{-\pi}7,\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}\sin\frac{2\pi}7,\quad\sin\frac{-2\pi}7,\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{4pt}\sin\frac{3\pi}7,\quad\sin\frac{-3\pi}7. \end{align*}

These are six distinct roots of the degree-six polynomial, so there are no others.