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CIE 9231 2026 June Paper 24 Q6

A Level / CIE / FP2

CIE 9231 2026 June Paper 24 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

Let In=∫−12π12πexcos⁡nx dxI_n=\displaystyle\int_{-\frac{1}{2}\pi}^{\frac{1}{2}\pi}\mathrm{e}^x\cos^n x\,\mathrm{d}x, where nn is a non-negative integer.

(a) Show that, for n≥2n\ge 2,

In= n(n−1)∫−12π12πexcos⁡n−2xsin⁡2x dx −nIn.\begin{align*} I_n=&\,n(n-1)\int_{-\frac12\pi}^{\frac12\pi}\mathrm{e}^x\cos^{n-2}x\sin^2x\,\mathrm{d}x\\ &\,\hspace{2pt}-nI_n. \end{align*}

and deduce the reduction formula

(n2+1)In=n(n−1)In−2.\big(n^2+1\big)I_n=n(n-1)I_{n-2}.
(6)

(b) Find the exact value of I4I_4.

(4)
题目中文翻译

设 In=∫−12π12πexcos⁡nx dxI_n=\displaystyle\int_{-\frac{1}{2}\pi}^{\frac{1}{2}\pi}\mathrm{e}^x\cos^n x\,\mathrm{d}x,其中 nn 是非负整数。

(a) 证明当 n≥2n\ge 2 时,

In= n(n−1)∫−12π12πexcos⁡n−2xsin⁡2x dx −nIn.\begin{align*} I_n=&\,n(n-1)\int_{-\frac12\pi}^{\frac12\pi}\mathrm{e}^x\cos^{n-2}x\sin^2x\,\mathrm{d}x\\ &\,\hspace{2pt}-nI_n. \end{align*}

并推导出递推公式

(n2+1)In=n(n−1)In−2.\big(n^2+1\big)I_n=n(n-1)I_{n-2}.
(6)

(b) 求 I4I_4 的精确值。

(4)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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两次都对 exe^x 积分,并对三角因子求导。因为 n≥2n\ge2,两个边界项都含正次幂的 cos⁡x\cos x,所以在端点消失。

答题过程

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Let a=−π/2a=-\pi/2 and b=π/2b=\pi/2. First take u=cos⁡nxu=\cos^nx, dv=ex dx\mathrm{d}v=e^x\,\mathrm{d}x, so u′=−ncos⁡n−1xsin⁡xu'=-n\cos^{n-1}x\sin x and v=exv=e^x. In the resulting integral take u=cos⁡n−1xsin⁡xu=\cos^{n-1}x\sin x and dv=ex dx\mathrm{d}v=e^x\,\mathrm{d}x. Then

u′=−(n−1)cos⁡n−2xsin⁡2x+cos⁡nx.u'=-(n-1)\cos^{n-2}x\sin^2x+\cos^nx.

These two integrations by parts give

In= [excos⁡nx]ab+n∫abexcos⁡n−1xsin⁡x dx= n[excos⁡n−1xsin⁡x]ab +n(n−1)∫abexcos⁡n−2xsin⁡2x dx−nIn= n(n−1)∫abexcos⁡n−2xsin⁡2x dx−nIn.\begin{align*} I_n =&\,[e^x\cos^n x]_a^b+n\int_a^b e^x\cos^{n-1}x\sin x\,\mathrm{d}x\\ =&\,n[e^x\cos^{n-1}x\sin x]_a^b\\ &\,\hspace{2pt}+n(n-1)\int_a^b e^x\cos^{n-2}x\sin^2x\,\mathrm{d}x-nI_n\\ =&\,n(n-1)\int_a^b e^x\cos^{n-2}x\sin^2x\,\mathrm{d}x-nI_n. \end{align*}

The boundary terms vanish because n≥2n\ge2 and cos⁡a=cos⁡b=0\cos a=\cos b=0. Since sin⁡2x=1−cos⁡2x\sin^2 x=1-\cos^2 x, the last integral is In−2−InI_{n-2}-I_n. Therefore

In= n(n−1)(In−2−In)−nIn,(1+n(n−1)+n)In= n(n−1)In−2,(n2+1)In= n(n−1)In−2.\begin{align*} I_n=&\,n(n-1)(I_{n-2}-I_n)-nI_n,\\ \big(1+n(n-1)+n\big)I_n=&\,n(n-1)I_{n-2},\\ (n^2+1)I_n=&\,n(n-1)I_{n-2}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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从 I0I_0 开始,依次令 n=2,4n=2,4,把两个递推系数相乘。

答题过程

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We have I0=[ex]−π/2π/2=eπ/2−e−π/2I_0=[e^x]_{-\pi/2}^{\pi/2}=e^{\pi/2}-e^{-\pi/2}. The recurrence gives 5I2=2I05I_2=2I_0 and 17I4=12I217I_4=12I_2. Hence

I4=2485(eπ/2−e−π/2).\boxed{I_4=\frac{24}{85}\big(e^{\pi/2}-e^{-\pi/2}\big)}.