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CIE 9231 2021 November Paper 21 Q1

A Level / CIE / FP2

CIE 9231 2021 Nov Paper 21 Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

Find the Maclaurin’s series for extan⁡xe^x\tan x from first principles up to and including the term in x2x^2.

[5]
题目中文翻译

从第一性原理求 extan⁡xe^x\tan x 的麦克劳林级数,展开至包含 x2x^2 项为止。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

解法一

思路

展开

从原函数直接求导。计算零点的函数值、一阶导数和二阶导数,再代入 Maclaurin 公式。

答题过程

展开

Let f(x)=extan⁡xf(x)=e^x\tan x. The product and chain rules give

f′(x)= ex(tan⁡x+sec⁡2x),f′′(x)= ex(tan⁡x+2sec⁡2x+2sec⁡2xtan⁡x).\begin{align*} f'(x)=&\,e^x(\tan x+\sec^2x),\\ f''(x)=&\,e^x(\tan x+2\sec^2x+2\sec^2x\tan x). \end{align*}

Here the second derivative comes from f′′=ex(tan⁡x+sec⁡2x)+ex(sec⁡2x+2sec⁡2xtan⁡x)f''=e^x(\tan x+\sec^2x)+e^x(\sec^2x+2\sec^2x\tan x). Thus f(0)=0f(0)=0, f′(0)=1f'(0)=1, and f′′(0)=2f''(0)=2. The Maclaurin formula is

f(x)=f(0)+xf′(0)+x22f′′(0)+O(x3).f(x)=f(0)+xf'(0)+\frac{x^2}{2}f''(0)+O(x^3).

Substitution gives 0+x+x22(2)+O(x3)0+x+\frac{x^2}{2}(2)+O(x^3), so extan⁡x=x+x2+O(x3)\boxed{e^x\tan x=x+x^2+O(x^3)}.