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CIE 9231 2022 November Paper 22 Q3

A Level / CIE / FP2

CIE 9231 2022 Nov Paper 22 Paper · Question 3

题目

Problem

(a) A curve has equation y=ex+14e−xy=\mathrm{e}^x+\frac{1}{4}\mathrm{e}^{-x}, for 0≤x≤10\le x\le1. Find, in terms of π\pi and e\mathrm{e}, the area of the surface generated when the curve is rotated through 2π2\pi radians about the xx-axis.

(6)

(b) Using standard results from the list of formulae (MF19), or otherwise, find the Maclaurin’s series for ex+14e−x\mathrm{e}^x+\frac{1}{4}\mathrm{e}^{-x} up to and including the term in x2x^2.

(2)
题目中文翻译

(a) 一条曲线的方程为 y=ex+14e−xy=\mathrm{e}^x+\frac{1}{4}\mathrm{e}^{-x},其中 0≤x≤10\le x\le1。求该曲线绕 xx 轴旋转 2π2\pi 弧度所生成的曲面的面积,用含 π\pi 和 e\mathrm{e} 的式子表示。

(6)

(b) 利用公式表(MF19)中的标准结果,或用其他方法,求 ex+14e−x\mathrm{e}^x+\frac{1}{4}\mathrm{e}^{-x} 的麦克劳林级数,展开至并包括 x2x^2 项。

(2)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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比较 yy 和 y′y' 的平方。两者只差 11,所以弧长因子 1+(y′)2\sqrt{1+(y')^2} 正好等于 yy。

答题过程

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Here y′=ex−14e−xy'=e^x-\frac14e^{-x} and y2−(y′)2=4(ex)(14e−x)=1y^2-(y')^2=4(e^x)(\frac14e^{-x})=1. Hence 1+(y′)2=y21+(y')^2=y^2. Since y>0y>0, 1+(y′)2=y\sqrt{1+(y')^2}=y, and the surface area is

S= 2π∫01y1+(y′)2 dx= 2π∫01(e2x+12+116e−2x) dx= 2π[12e2x+x2−132e−2x]01= 2π(e22−e−232+132)= π(e2+1−e−216).\begin{align*} S=&\,2\pi\int_0^1y\sqrt{1+(y')^2}\,\mathrm{d}x\\ =&\,2\pi\int_0^1\bigg(e^{2x}+\frac12+\frac1{16}e^{-2x}\bigg)\,\mathrm{d}x\\ =&\,2\pi\bigg[\frac12e^{2x}+\frac x2-\frac1{32}e^{-2x}\bigg]_0^1\\ =&\,2\pi\bigg(\frac{e^2}{2}-\frac{e^{-2}}{32}+\frac1{32}\bigg)\\ =&\,\boxed{\pi\bigg(e^2+\frac{1-e^{-2}}{16}\bigg)}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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分别展开 exe^x 和 e−xe^{-x},将相同次数的项相加。

答题过程

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We have

ex+14e−x= (1+x+x22) +14(1−x+x22)+O(x3)= 54+34x+58x2+O(x3).\begin{align*} e^x+\frac14e^{-x} =&\,\bigg(1+x+\frac{x^2}{2}\bigg)\\ &\,\hspace{2pt}+\frac14\bigg(1-x+\frac{x^2}{2}\bigg)+O(x^3)\\ =&\,\boxed{\frac54+\frac34x+\frac58x^2+O(x^3)}. \end{align*}

解法二

思路

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也可直接在零点求函数值和前两阶导数,再用 Maclaurin 公式。

答题过程

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For f(x)=ex+14e−xf(x)=e^x+\frac14e^{-x}, we have f′(x)=ex−14e−xf'(x)=e^x-\frac14e^{-x} and f′′(x)=f(x)f''(x)=f(x). Thus f(0)=5/4f(0)=5/4, f′(0)=3/4f'(0)=3/4 and f′′(0)=5/4f''(0)=5/4. Using f(x)=f(0)+f′(0)x+12f′′(0)x2+O(x3)f(x)=f(0)+f'(0)x+\frac12f''(0)x^2+O(x^3), the expansion is 54+34x+58x2+O(x3)\frac54+\frac34x+\frac58x^2+O(x^3).