题目
Problem
The variables x and y are such that y=2 when x=−1 and
x2y+(x+y)3=3.
(a) Show that dxdy=41 when x=−1.
[3]
(b) Find the value of dx2d2y when x=−1.
[6]
题目中文翻译
变量 x 和 y 满足:当 x=−1 时 y=2,且
x2y+(x+y)3=3.
(a) 证明当 x=−1 时,dxdy=41。
(3)
(b) 求当 x=−1 时 dx2d2y 的值。
(6)
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
用乘积法则和链式法则隐式求导,再把 (−1,2) 代进去解 y′。
答题过程
展开
Differentiating with respect to x gives
2xy+x2y′+3(x+y)2(1+y′)=0.
At (x,y)=(−1,2) this becomes −4+y′+3(1+y′)=0, so y′=41.
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
保留 (a) 中含 x,y 的完整等式,再求一次导数。最后同时代入 x,y,y′。
答题过程
展开
Differentiating the two parts in (a),
dxd(2xy+x2y′)=dxd[3(x+y)2(1+y′)]=2y+2xy′+2xy′+x2y′′,6(x+y)(1+y′)2+3(x+y)2y′′.
Hence
2y+4xy′+x2y′′+6(x+y)(1+y′)2+3(x+y)2y′′=0.
At x=−1 we have y=2, y′=41 and x+y=1. Thus
4y′′+4−1+6(45)2=4y′′+899=y′′=0,0,−3299.