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CIE 9231 2025 Nov Paper 22 Q3

A Level / CIE / FP2

CIE 9231 2025 Nov Paper 22 Paper · Question 3

题目

Problem

The variables xx and yy are such that y=2y = 2 when x=−1x = -1 and

x2y+(x+y)3=3.x^2y + (x + y)^3 = 3.

(a) Show that dydx=14\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} = \frac{1}{4} when x=−1x = -1.

[3]

(b) Find the value of d2ydx2\frac{\mathrm{d}^2y}{\mathrm{d}x^2} when x=−1x = -1.

[6]
题目中文翻译

变量 xx 和 yy 满足:当 x=−1x = -1 时 y=2y = 2,且

x2y+(x+y)3=3.x^2y + (x + y)^3 = 3.

(a) 证明当 x=−1x = -1 时,dydx=14\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} = \frac{1}{4}。

(3)

(b) 求当 x=−1x = -1 时 d2ydx2\frac{\mathrm{d}^2y}{\mathrm{d}x^2} 的值。

(6)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

用乘积法则和链式法则隐式求导,再把 (−1,2)(-1,2) 代进去解 y′y'。

答题过程

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Differentiating with respect to xx gives

2xy+x2y′+3(x+y)2(1+y′)=0.2xy+x^2y'+3(x+y)^2(1+y')=0.

At (x,y)=(−1,2)(x,y)=(-1,2) this becomes −4+y′+3(1+y′)=0-4+y'+3(1+y')=0, so y′=14y'=\frac14.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

保留 (a) 中含 x,yx,y 的完整等式,再求一次导数。最后同时代入 x,y,y′x,y,y'。

答题过程

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Differentiating the two parts in (a),

ddx(2xy+x2y′)= 2y+2xy′+2xy′+x2y′′,ddx[3(x+y)2(1+y′)]= 6(x+y)(1+y′)2 +3(x+y)2y′′.\begin{align*} \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}x}(2xy+x^2y') =&\,2y+2xy'+2xy'+x^2y'',\\ \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}x}\big[3(x+y)^2(1+y')\big] =&\,6(x+y)(1+y')^2\\ &\,\hspace{2pt}+3(x+y)^2y''. \end{align*}

Hence

2y+4xy′+x2y′′+6(x+y)(1+y′)2+3(x+y)2y′′=0.2y+4xy'+x^2y''+6(x+y)(1+y')^2+3(x+y)^2y''=0.

At x=−1x=-1 we have y=2y=2, y′=14y'=\frac14 and x+y=1x+y=1. Thus

4y′′+4−1+6(54)2= 0,4y′′+998= 0,y′′= −9932.\begin{align*} 4y''+4-1+6\bigg(\frac54\bigg)^2=&\,0,\\ 4y''+\frac{99}{8}=&\,0,\\ y''=&\,-\frac{99}{32}. \end{align*}