题目
The children at two large schools, P and Q, are all given the same puzzle to solve. A random sample of size 10 is taken from the children at school P. Their individual times to complete the puzzle give a sample mean of 9.12 minutes and an unbiased variance estimate of minutes. A random sample of size 12 is taken from the children at school Q. Their individual times, minutes, to complete the puzzle are summarised by
where is the sample mean. Times to complete the puzzle are assumed to be normally distributed with the same population variance.
Test at the 5% significance level whether the population mean time taken to complete the puzzle by children at school P is greater than the population mean time taken to complete the puzzle by children at school Q.
题目中文翻译
两所规模较大的学校 P 和 Q 的孩子都要解同一个谜题。从学校 P 的孩子中随机抽取容量为 10 的样本,他们各自完成谜题的时间给出的样本均值为 9.12 分钟,无偏方差估计为 分钟。从学校 Q 的孩子中随机抽取容量为 12 的样本,他们完成谜题的个人时间为 分钟,汇总为
其中 是样本均值。假设完成谜题的时间服从正态分布,且具有相同的总体方差。
在 5% 显著性水平下,检验学校 P 的孩子完成谜题所需的总体平均时间是否大于学校 Q 的孩子完成谜题所需的总体平均时间。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
解法一
思路
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两个正态总体方差相等,先用各组自由度合并方差。学校 P 耗时较长对应右尾检验。
答题过程
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Let be the population mean completion times. Test against . The means are and . The unbiased variance estimate for school Q is . The pooled variance is
The statistic is
With degrees of freedom, the upper critical value is . Since the statistic is smaller, we fail to reject . There is insufficient evidence at the level that children at school P have a greater population mean completion time.