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CIE 9231 2023 June Paper 42 Q2

A Level / CIE / FS

CIE 9231 2023 June Paper 42 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

The children at two large schools, P and Q, are all given the same puzzle to solve. A random sample of size 10 is taken from the children at school P. Their individual times to complete the puzzle give a sample mean of 9.12 minutes and an unbiased variance estimate of 2.162.16 minutes2^2. A random sample of size 12 is taken from the children at school Q. Their individual times, xx minutes, to complete the puzzle are summarised by

∑x=99.6∑(x−xˉ)2=21.5,\sum x = 99.6 \qquad \sum (x - \bar{x})^2 = 21.5,

where xˉ\bar{x} is the sample mean. Times to complete the puzzle are assumed to be normally distributed with the same population variance.

Test at the 5% significance level whether the population mean time taken to complete the puzzle by children at school P is greater than the population mean time taken to complete the puzzle by children at school Q.

[8]
题目中文翻译

两所规模较大的学校 P 和 Q 的孩子都要解同一个谜题。从学校 P 的孩子中随机抽取容量为 10 的样本,他们各自完成谜题的时间给出的样本均值为 9.12 分钟,无偏方差估计为 2.162.16 分钟2^2。从学校 Q 的孩子中随机抽取容量为 12 的样本,他们完成谜题的个人时间为 xx 分钟,汇总为

∑x=99.6∑(x−xˉ)2=21.5,\sum x = 99.6 \qquad \sum (x - \bar{x})^2 = 21.5,

其中 xˉ\bar{x} 是样本均值。假设完成谜题的时间服从正态分布,且具有相同的总体方差。

在 5% 显著性水平下,检验学校 P 的孩子完成谜题所需的总体平均时间是否大于学校 Q 的孩子完成谜题所需的总体平均时间。

(8)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

解法一

思路

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两个正态总体方差相等,先用各组自由度合并方差。学校 P 耗时较长对应右尾检验。

答题过程

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Let μP,μQ\mu_P,\mu_Q be the population mean completion times. Test H0 ⁣:μP=μQH_0\colon\mu_P=\mu_Q against H1 ⁣:μP>μQH_1\colon\mu_P>\mu_Q. The means are 9.129.12 and 99.6/12=8.3099.6/12=8.30. The unbiased variance estimate for school Q is sQ2=21.5/11=43/22s_Q^2=21.5/11=43/22. The pooled variance is

sp2=9(2.16)+21.510+12−2=2.047.s_p^2=\frac{9(2.16)+21.5}{10+12-2}=2.047.

The statistic is

t=9.12−8.302.047(1/10+1/12)=1.33854….t=\frac{9.12-8.30}{\sqrt{2.047(1/10+1/12)}}=1.33854\ldots.

With 2020 degrees of freedom, the upper 5%5\% critical value is 1.7251.725. Since the statistic is smaller, we fail to reject H0H_0. There is insufficient evidence at the 5%5\% level that children at school P have a greater population mean completion time.