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CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 44 Q6

A Level / CIE / FS

CIE 9231 2025 June Paper 44 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

Lina and Mona are two statisticians who also write songs. The ‘time’ of a song is the number of minutes for which it lasts. For a random sample of 10 of her songs, Lina calculates a 95% confidence interval for the population mean time, μ\mu minutes. This confidence interval is 2.95≤μ≤3.132.95 \leq \mu \leq 3.13. The times, xx minutes, of Lina’s songs are normally distributed.

(a) Find the values of ∑x\sum x and ∑x2\sum x^2 for the 10 songs in Lina’s sample.

[5]

Mona’s songs have times, yy minutes, that are normally distributed. The times for a random sample of 8 of Mona’s songs are summarised as follows.

∑y=24.8∑y2=76.98\sum y = 24.8 \qquad \sum y^2 = 76.98

Mona claims that the population mean time of her songs is greater than the population mean time of Lina’s songs.

(b) Assuming that the two distributions have the same population variance, test at the 5% significance level whether there is evidence to support Mona’s claim.

[8]
题目中文翻译

Lina 和 Mona 是两位统计学家,她们也写歌。一首歌的“时长”是指这首歌持续的分钟数。Lina 从她的歌曲中随机抽取 10 首,计算总体平均时长 μ\mu 分钟的 95% 置信区间。该置信区间为 2.95≤μ≤3.132.95 \leq \mu \leq 3.13。Lina 歌曲的时长 xx 分钟服从正态分布。

(a) 求 Lina 样本中这 10 首歌的 ∑x\sum x 和 ∑x2\sum x^2。

(5)

Mona 歌曲的时长 yy 分钟服从正态分布。Mona 的 8 首歌曲组成的随机样本时长汇总如下。

∑y=24.8∑y2=76.98\sum y = 24.8 \qquad \sum y^2 = 76.98

Mona 声称她歌曲的总体平均时长大于 Lina 歌曲的总体平均时长。

(b) 假设两个分布具有相同的总体方差,在 5% 显著性水平下检验是否有证据支持 Mona 的说法。

(8)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

由置信区间的中点求均值,由半宽和 tt 临界值求样本方差。再反推平方和。

答题过程

展开

The interval midpoint is xˉ=(2.95+3.13)/2=3.04\bar x=(2.95+3.13)/2=3.04, so ∑x=30.4\sum x=30.4. Its half-width is 0.090.09. With 99 degrees of freedom, t0.975,9=2.262t_{0.975,9}=2.262, hence

sX2=10(0.092.262)2=0.01583068….s_X^2=10\Big(\frac{0.09}{2.262}\Big)^2=0.01583068\ldots.

Therefore

∑x2=9sX2+30.4210=92.55847…≈92.6.\sum x^2=9s_X^2+\frac{30.4^2}{10}=92.55847\ldots\approx92.6.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

使用 (a) 的未舍入方差。两组正态总体方差相同,用合并方差做右尾两样本 tt 检验。

答题过程

展开

Let μX\mu_X and μY\mu_Y be the population mean times of Lina’s and Mona’s songs. Test H0 ⁣:μY=μXH_0\colon\mu_Y=\mu_X against H1 ⁣:μY>μXH_1\colon\mu_Y>\mu_X. Mona’s sample mean is 24.8/8=3.1024.8/8=3.10, and her unbiased sample variance is

sY2=76.98−24.82/87=170.s_Y^2=\frac{76.98-24.8^2/8}{7}=\frac1{70}.

The pooled variance is

sp2=9sX2+(76.98−24.82/8)10+8−2=0.01515476….s_p^2=\frac{9s_X^2+(76.98-24.8^2/8)}{10+8-2}=0.01515476\ldots.

The statistic is

t=3.10−3.04sp2(1/8+1/10)=1.02750….t=\frac{3.10-3.04}{\sqrt{s_p^2(1/8+1/10)}}=1.02750\ldots.

With 1616 degrees of freedom, the upper 5%5\% critical value is 1.7461.746. Since the statistic is smaller, we fail to reject H0H_0. There is insufficient evidence at the 5%5\% level that Mona’s songs have a greater population mean duration.