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CIE 9231 2023 Nov Paper 43 Q4

A Level / CIE / FS

CIE 9231 2023 Nov Paper 43 Paper · Question 4

题目

Problem

As shown in the diagram, the continuous random variable XX has probability density function ff given by

f(x)={mx,0≤x≤2,kx2+c,2≤x≤6,0,otherwise,f(x)= \begin{cases} mx, & 0 \leq x \leq 2,\\ \dfrac{k}{x^2}+c, & 2 \leq x \leq 6,\\ 0, & \text{otherwise}, \end{cases}

where mm, kk and cc are constants.

(a) Given that P(X≤2)=13\mathrm{P}(X \leq 2)=\frac{1}{3}, show that m=16m=\frac{1}{6} and find the values of kk and cc.

[4]

(b) Find the exact numerical value of the interquartile range of XX.

[5]
题目中文翻译

如图所示,连续随机变量 XX 的概率密度函数 ff 为

f(x)={mx,0≤x≤2,kx2+c,2≤x≤6,0,otherwise,f(x)= \begin{cases} mx, & 0 \leq x \leq 2,\\ \dfrac{k}{x^2}+c, & 2 \leq x \leq 6,\\ 0, & \text{otherwise}, \end{cases}

其中 mm、kk 和 cc 为常数。

(a) 已知 P(X≤2)=13\mathrm{P}(X \leq 2)=\frac{1}{3},证明 m=16m=\frac{1}{6},并求 kk 和 cc 的值。

(4)

(b) 求 XX 的四分位距的精确数值。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

先用左段面积求 mm。图中两段在 x=2x=2 接合,再用右段的总概率得到第二个方程。

答题过程

展开

Since ∫02mx dx=2m=1/3\int_0^2 mx\,\mathrm{d}x=2m=1/3, we have m=1/6m=1/6. The two expressions agree at x=2x=2, giving

k4+c=2m=13.\frac k4+c=2m=\frac13.

The mass on [2,6][2,6] is 2/32/3, so

 ∫26(kx2+c) dx= [−kx+cx]26= k3+4c=23.\begin{align*} &\,\int_2^6\Big(\frac{k}{x^2}+c\Big)\,\mathrm{d}x\\ =&\,\Big[-\frac{k}{x}+cx\Big]_2^6\\ =&\,\frac k3+4c=\frac23. \end{align*}

Subtracting the second equation from four times the first gives 2k/3=2/32k/3=2/3. Hence k=1k=1 and c=1/12c=1/12.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

FX(2)=1/3F_X(2)=1/3 介于两个四分位概率之间,所以下四分位数用第一段,上四分位数用第二段。

答题过程

展开

On [0,2][0,2], FX(x)=x2/12F_X(x)=x^2/12. Thus the lower quartile solves x2/12=1/4x^2/12=1/4 and is 3\sqrt3. On [2,6][2,6],

 FX(x)=13+∫2x(1u2+112) du= 23+x12−1x.\begin{align*} &\,F_X(x)=\frac13+\int_2^x\Big(\frac1{u^2}+\frac1{12}\Big)\,\mathrm{d}u\\ =&\,\frac23+\frac{x}{12}-\frac1x. \end{align*}

Setting this to 3/43/4 gives x2−x−12=(x−4)(x+3)=0x^2-x-12=(x-4)(x+3)=0, so the upper quartile is 44. The interquartile range is 4−34-\sqrt3.