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CIE 9709 2022 March Paper 42 Q1

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2022 March Paper 42 Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

A crane is used to raise a block of mass 600 kg600\,\mathrm{kg} vertically upwards at a constant speed through a height of 15 m15\,\mathrm{m}. There is a resistance to the motion of the block, which the crane does 10 000 J10\,000\,\mathrm{J} of work to overcome.

(a) Find the total work done by the crane.

(2)

(b) Given that the average power exerted by the crane is 12.5 kW12.5\,\mathrm{kW}, find the total time for which the block is in motion.

(2)

题目中文翻译

一台起重机将质量为 600 kg600\,\mathrm{kg} 的物块以恒定速率竖直向上提升 15 m15\,\mathrm{m}。物块运动时受到阻力,起重机为克服该阻力做了 10 000 J10\,000\,\mathrm{J} 的功。

(a) 求起重机做的总功。

(2)

(b) 已知起重机的平均输出功率为 12.5 kW12.5\,\mathrm{kW},求物块运动的总时间。

(2)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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匀速上升,动能不变;起重机的功用于增加重力势能及克服阻力。

答题过程

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The gain in gravitational potential energy is

ΔEP=mgh=600(10)(15)=90000 J.\Delta E_P=mgh=600(10)(15)=90000\,\mathrm{J}.

Since the speed is constant, the total work done by the crane is

W=90000+10000=100000 J.W=90000+10000=\boxed{100000\,\mathrm{J}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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平均功率等于总功除以总时间,先把千瓦换成瓦。

答题过程

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Using average power P‾=W/t\overline P=W/t,

12500=100000t.12500=\frac{100000}{t}.

Hence t=8 s\boxed{t=8\,\mathrm{s}}.