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CIE 9709 2022 March Paper 42 Q2

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2022 March Paper 42 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

A particle PP is projected vertically upwards from horizontal ground with speed u m s−1u\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. PP reaches a maximum height of 20 m20\,\mathrm{m} above the ground.

(a) Find the value of uu.

(2)

(b) Find the total time for which PP is at least 15 m15\,\mathrm{m} above the ground.

(3)

题目中文翻译

质点 PP 从水平地面以 u m s−1u\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率竖直向上抛出。PP 距地面的最大高度为 20 m20\,\mathrm{m}。

(a) 求 uu 的值。

(2)

(b) 求 PP 距地面的高度至少为 15 m15\,\mathrm{m} 的总时间。

(3)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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最高点速度为零,取向上为正,重力加速度为负。

答题过程

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At the maximum height, v=0v=0. Using v2=u2+2asv^2=u^2+2as,

0=u2+2(−10)(20),u2=400.0=u^2+2(-10)(20), \qquad u^2=400.

Since u>0u>0, u=20\boxed{u=20}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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先求上升和下降经过15米高度的两个时刻;所求时间是两个时刻之差。

答题过程

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The height after tt seconds is

s=20t−5t2.s=20t-5t^2.

At height 15 m15\,\mathrm{m},

15= 20t−5t2,t2−4t+3= 0,(t−1)(t−3)= 0.\begin{align*} 15=&\,20t-5t^2, \\[4mm] t^2-4t+3=&\,0, \\[4mm] (t-1)(t-3)=&\,0. \end{align*}

The particle is at least 15 m15\,\mathrm{m} above the ground between t=1t=1 and t=3t=3. The total time is 2 s\boxed{2\,\mathrm{s}}.

解法二

思路

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以最高点为起点考虑下落5米所需时间;对称的上升段耗时相同。

答题过程

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From the highest point, the particle falls 20−15=5 m20-15=5\,\mathrm{m} before reaching height 15 m15\,\mathrm{m}. Starting from rest at the highest point,

5=12(10)τ2,τ=1 s.5=\frac12(10)\tau^2, \qquad \tau=1\,\mathrm{s}.

The upward and downward portions above 15 m15\,\mathrm{m} take equal times under constant gravity. Thus the total time is 2τ=2 s2\tau=\boxed{2\,\mathrm{s}}.