题目
A particle is projected vertically upwards from horizontal ground with speed . reaches a maximum height of above the ground.
(a) Find the value of .
(b) Find the total time for which is at least above the ground.
题目中文翻译
质点 从水平地面以 的速率竖直向上抛出。 距地面的最大高度为 。
(a) 求 的值。
(b) 求 距地面的高度至少为 的总时间。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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最高点速度为零,取向上为正,重力加速度为负。
答题过程
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At the maximum height, . Using ,
Since , .
(b)
解法一
思路
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先求上升和下降经过15米高度的两个时刻;所求时间是两个时刻之差。
答题过程
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The height after seconds is
At height ,
The particle is at least above the ground between and . The total time is .
解法二
思路
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以最高点为起点考虑下落5米所需时间;对称的上升段耗时相同。
答题过程
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From the highest point, the particle falls before reaching height . Starting from rest at the highest point,
The upward and downward portions above take equal times under constant gravity. Thus the total time is .