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CIE 9709 2022 March Paper 42 Q6

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2022 March Paper 42 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

A cyclist starts from rest at a fixed point OO and moves in a straight line, before coming to rest kk seconds later. The acceleration of the cyclist at time t st\,\mathrm{s} after leaving OO is a m s−2a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}, where a=2t−12−35t12a=2t^{-\frac12}-\frac35t^{\frac12} for 0<t≤k0<t\le k.

(a) Find the value of kk.

(4)

(b) Find the maximum speed of the cyclist.

(3)

(c) Find an expression for the displacement from OO in terms of tt. Hence find the total distance travelled by the cyclist from the time at which she reaches her maximum speed until she comes to rest.

(4)

题目中文翻译

一名骑车者从固定点 OO 由静止出发沿直线运动,并在 kk 秒后停止运动。离开 OO 后 t st\,\mathrm{s} 时,她的加速度为 a m s−2a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}},其中当 0<t≤k0<t\le k 时,a=2t−12−35t12a=2t^{-\frac12}-\frac35t^{\frac12}。

(a) 求 kk 的值。

(4)

(b) 求骑车者的最大速率。

(3)

(c) 求相对于 OO 的位移关于 tt 的表达式。进而求从她达到最大速率时起到停止运动为止经过的总路程。

(4)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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加速度积分得到速度,用静止出发确定积分常数,再找下一次速度为零的时刻。

答题过程

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Integrating the acceleration,

v= ∫(2t−1/2−35t1/2) dt= 4t1/2−25t3/2+C.\begin{align*} v=&\,\int\big(2t^{-1/2}-\tfrac35t^{1/2}\big)\,\mathrm{d}t \\[4mm] =&\,4t^{1/2}-\frac25t^{3/2}+C. \end{align*}

Since the cyclist starts from rest, v→0v\to0 as t→0+t\to0^+, so C=0C=0. Therefore

v=25t (10−t).v=\frac25\sqrt t\,(10-t).

The next rest time is the positive root 10−t=010-t=0. Hence k=10\boxed{k=10}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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运动期间速度非负,最大速率出现在加速度由正变负之处。

答题过程

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For 0<t<100<t<10 the velocity is positive, so speed equals velocity. Also

a=2−3t/5t.a=\frac{2-3t/5}{\sqrt t}.

Thus a=0a=0 at t=10/3t=10/3, with a>0a>0 before this time and a<0a<0 afterwards. Hence the speed is maximised there:

vmax⁡= 4103−25(103)3/2= 83103=8309≈ 4.87 m s−1(3 s.f.).\begin{align*} v_{\max}=&\,4\sqrt{\frac{10}{3}} -\frac25\bigg(\frac{10}{3}\bigg)^{3/2} \\[4mm] =&\,\frac83\sqrt{\frac{10}{3}} =\frac{8\sqrt{30}}9 \\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{4.87\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}}\quad\text{(3 s.f.)}. \end{align*}

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

对速度积分,并用初始位移零确定常数。最大速率以后直到停止之前速度仍为正,因此路程就是位移增加量。

答题过程

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Integrating the velocity,

s=83t3/2−425t5/2+K.s=\frac83t^{3/2}-\frac4{25}t^{5/2}+K.

Since s=0s=0 at t=0t=0, K=0K=0. Thus

s=83t3/2−425t5/2\boxed{s=\frac83t^{3/2}-\frac4{25}t^{5/2}}

for 0≤t≤100\le t\le10.

The velocity is non-negative throughout this interval. Hence the distance travelled from maximum speed to rest is

D= s(10)−s(10/3)= 33.73096171…−12.98305321…= 20.74790849…≈ 20.7 m.\begin{align*} D=&\,s(10)-s(10/3) \\[4mm] =&\,33.73096171\ldots-12.98305321\ldots \\[4mm] =&\,20.74790849\ldots\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{20.7\,\mathrm{m}}. \end{align*}