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CIE 9709 2023 March Paper 42 Q1

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2023 March Paper 42 Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

A crate of mass 200 kg200\,\mathrm{kg} is being pulled at constant speed along horizontal ground by a horizontal rope attached to a winch. The winch is working at a constant rate of 4.5 kW4.5\,\mathrm{kW} and there is a constant resistance to the motion of the crate of magnitude 600 N600\,\mathrm{N}.

(a) Find the time that it takes for the crate to move a distance of 15 m15\,\mathrm{m}.

(2)

The rope breaks after the crate has moved 15 m15\,\mathrm{m}.

(b) Find the time taken, after the rope breaks, for the crate to come to rest.

(3)

题目中文翻译

一个质量为 200 kg200\,\mathrm{kg} 的木箱由连接到绞车的水平绳拉动,沿水平地面以恒定速率运动。绞车以 4.5 kW4.5\,\mathrm{kW} 的恒定功率做功,木箱受到的运动阻力大小恒为 600 N600\,\mathrm{N}。

(a) 求木箱移动 15 m15\,\mathrm{m} 所用的时间。

(2)

木箱移动 15 m15\,\mathrm{m} 后,绳断裂。

(b) 求绳断裂后木箱停止运动所用的时间。

(3)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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匀速时拉力等于600牛,绞车功率乘时间等于克服阻力的功。

答题过程

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At constant speed the pulling force is 600 N600\,\mathrm{N}. If the time is tt,

4500t=600(15),t=2 s.4500t=600(15),\qquad\boxed{t=2\,\mathrm{s}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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断绳前速率为7.5,断绳后只剩阻力,沿原运动方向加速度为负3。

答题过程

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The speed before the rope breaks is 15/2=7.5 m s−115/2=7.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. Afterwards,

200a=−600,a=−3 m s−2.200a=-600,\qquad a=-3\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

Thus the stopping time satisfies

0=7.5−3t,t=2.5 s.0=7.5-3t,\qquad\boxed{t=2.5\,\mathrm{s}}.