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CIE 9709 2023 March Paper 42 Q6

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2023 March Paper 42 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

A block BB, of mass 2 kg2\,\mathrm{kg}, lies on a rough inclined plane sloping at 30∘30^\circ to the horizontal. A light rope, inclined at an angle of 20∘20^\circ above a line of greatest slope, is attached to BB. The tension in the rope is T NT\,\mathrm{N}. There is a friction force of F NF\,\mathrm{N} acting on BB (see diagram). The coefficient of friction between BB and the plane is μ\mu.

(a) It is given that F=5F=5 and that the acceleration of BB up the plane is 1.2 m s−21.2\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

(i) Find the value of TT.

(3)

(ii) Find the value of μ\mu.

(3)

(b) It is given instead that μ=0.8\mu=0.8 and T=15T=15.

Determine whether BB will move up the plane.

(3)

题目中文翻译

一个质量为 2 kg2\,\mathrm{kg} 的物块 BB 位于与水平面成 30∘30^\circ 角的粗糙斜面上。一根轻绳连接到 BB,绳的方向在最大坡度线上方,与最大坡度线成 20∘20^\circ 角。绳的张力为 T NT\,\mathrm{N}。物块 BB 受到大小为 F NF\,\mathrm{N} 的摩擦力(见图)。BB 与斜面之间的摩擦系数为 μ\mu。

(a) 已知 F=5F=5,且 BB 沿斜面向上的加速度为 1.2 m s−21.2\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

(i) 求 TT 的值。

(3)

(ii) 求 μ\mu 的值。

(3)

(b) 若改为已知 μ=0.8\mu=0.8 且 T=15T=15。

判断 BB 是否会沿斜面向上运动。

(3)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)(i)

解法一

思路

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沿坡向上列牛顿第二定律,张力只有余弦分量沿坡,摩擦及重力分量向下。

答题过程

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Resolving up the plane,

Tcos⁡20∘−5−10=2(1.2).T\cos20^\circ-5-10=2(1.2).

Thus

T=17.4cos⁡20∘≈18.5.T=\frac{17.4}{\cos20^\circ}\approx\boxed{18.5}.

(a)(ii)

解法一

思路

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法向没有加速度,张力向外分量减小支持力。用未舍入张力算μ。

答题过程

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Resolving perpendicular to the plane,

R=2(10)cos⁡30∘−Tsin⁡20∘.R=2(10)\cos30^\circ-T\sin20^\circ.

Using the unrounded TT from (a)(i), R=10.987425… NR=10.987425\ldots\,\mathrm{N}. Since 5=μR5=\mu R,

μ=5R≈0.455(3 s.f.).\mu=\frac5R\approx\boxed{0.455}\quad\text{(3 s.f.)}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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比较向上运动趋势所需的摩擦与最大静摩擦,不把μR当成一定存在的实际摩擦。

答题过程

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With T=15T=15 and μ=0.8\mu=0.8, the reaction is

R=20cos⁡30∘−15sin⁡20∘=12.190205… N.R=20\cos30^\circ-15\sin20^\circ =12.190205\ldots\,\mathrm{N}.

Without friction the net force up the plane is

15cos⁡20∘−20sin⁡30∘=4.095389… N.15\cos20^\circ-20\sin30^\circ =4.095389\ldots\,\mathrm{N}.

The maximum available static friction is

0.8R=9.752164… N.0.8R=9.752164\ldots\,\mathrm{N}.

Since 4.095389…<9.752164…4.095389\ldots<9.752164\ldots, friction can maintain equilibrium. Therefore B does not move up the plane\boxed{B\text{ does not move up the plane}}.

解法二

思路

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也可求防止上滑所需的最小摩擦系数,与已给0.8比较。

答题过程

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The coefficient needed for limiting equilibrium against upward motion is

μreq= 15cos⁡20∘−20sin⁡30∘20cos⁡30∘−15sin⁡20∘= 0.335957….\begin{align*} \mu_{\rm req}=&\,\frac{15\cos20^\circ-20\sin30^\circ} {20\cos30^\circ-15\sin20^\circ}\\[4mm] =&\,0.335957\ldots. \end{align*}

Since 0.8>μreq0.8>\mu_{\rm req}, the available friction is sufficient to prevent upward motion. Thus

B does not move up the plane.\boxed{B\text{ does not move up the plane}}.