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CIE 9709 2025 March Paper 42 Q6

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2025 March Paper 42 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

A block of mass 12 kg12\,\mathrm{kg} is placed on a rough plane inclined at an angle of α\alpha to the horizontal, where α=tan⁡−10.5\alpha=\tan^{-1}0.5. A force of X NX\,\mathrm{N} is applied to the block directly up the plane (see diagram). The coefficient of friction between the block and the plane is μ\mu.

(a) It is given that μ=0.15\mu=0.15 and X=20X=20.

Find the time that it takes for the block to move 2 m2\,\mathrm{m} down the plane from rest.

(6)

(b) It is given instead that μ≠0.15\mu\ne0.15 and that when X=10X=10, the block is on the point of moving down the plane.

Find the value of μ\mu and the value of XX for which the block is on the point of moving up the plane.

(4)
题目中文翻译

一个质量为 12 kg12\,\mathrm{kg} 的物块放在粗糙斜面上,斜面与水平面成 α\alpha 角,其中 α=tan⁡−10.5\alpha=\tan^{-1}0.5。一个 X NX\,\mathrm{N} 的力直接沿斜面向上作用于物块(见图)。物块与斜面之间的摩擦系数为 μ\mu。

(a) 已知 μ=0.15\mu=0.15 且 X=20X=20。

求物块从静止开始沿斜面向下移动 2 m2\,\mathrm{m} 所需的时间。

(6)

(b) 现在改为已知 μ≠0.15\mu\ne0.15,且当 X=10X=10 时,物块恰好即将沿斜面向下运动。

求 μ\mu 的值,以及使物块恰好即将沿斜面向上运动的 XX 的值。

(4)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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先由斜角的正切求正弦、余弦,再求支持力与摩擦力。物块向下,摩擦向上;求出加速度后用静止出发的位移公式。

答题过程

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Since tan⁡α=1/2\tan\alpha=1/2,

sin⁡α=15,cos⁡α=25.\sin\alpha=\frac1{\sqrt5},\qquad \cos\alpha=\frac2{\sqrt5}.

Resolving perpendicular to the plane,

R=120cos⁡α=2405.R=120\cos\alpha=\frac{240}{\sqrt5}.

The friction acts up the plane and has magnitude

F=0.15R=365.F=0.15R=\frac{36}{\sqrt5}.

Taking down the plane as positive,

12a= 1205−20−365= 845−20.\begin{align*} 12a=&\,\frac{120}{\sqrt5}-20-\frac{36}{\sqrt5}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{84}{\sqrt5}-20. \end{align*}

Thus a=1.463828…>0a=1.463828\ldots>0, consistent with downward motion. From rest,

2=12at2.2=\frac12at^2.

Taking the positive time,

t=4a≈1.65 s.t=\sqrt{\frac4a}\approx\boxed{1.65\,\mathrm{s}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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同一粗糙面两种临界平衡的摩擦大小都是μR,方向相反。先用将要下滑的状态求摩擦和μ,再求将要上滑所需的力。

答题过程

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The normal reaction remains R=240/5 NR=240/\sqrt5\,\mathrm{N}. When the block is on the point of moving down the plane, limiting friction acts up the plane. Hence

10+μR=1205.10+\mu R=\frac{120}{\sqrt5}.

Therefore

μ= 120/5−10240/5= 12−524≈0.407(3 s.f.).\begin{align*} \mu=&\,\frac{120/\sqrt5-10}{240/\sqrt5}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac12-\frac{\sqrt5}{24} \approx\boxed{0.407}\quad\text{(3 s.f.)}. \end{align*}

On the point of moving up the plane, friction acts down the plane. Thus

X= 1205+μR= 2405−10≈97.3 N.\begin{align*} X=&\,\frac{120}{\sqrt5}+\mu R\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{240}{\sqrt5}-10 \approx\boxed{97.3\,\mathrm{N}}. \end{align*}