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CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 41 Q7

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 41 Paper · Question 7

题目

Problem

Two particles AA and BB, of masses 0.4 kg0.4\,\mathrm{kg} and 0.2 kg0.2\,\mathrm{kg} respectively, are moving down the same line of greatest slope of a smooth plane. The plane is inclined at 30∘30^\circ to the horizontal, and AA is higher up the plane than BB. When the particles collide, the speeds of AA and BB are 3 m s−13\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} and 2 m s−12\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} respectively. In the collision between the particles, the speed of AA is reduced to 2.5 m s−12.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}.

(a) Find the speed of BB immediately after the collision.

(2)

After the collision, when BB has moved 1.6 m1.6\,\mathrm{m} down the plane from the point of collision, it hits a barrier and returns back up the same line of greatest slope. BB hits the barrier 0.4 s0.4\,\mathrm{s} after the collision, and when it hits the barrier, its speed is reduced by 90%90\%. The two particles collide again 0.44 s0.44\,\mathrm{s} after their previous collision, and they then coalesce on impact.

(b) Show that the speed of BB immediately after it hits the barrier is 0.5 m s−10.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. Hence find the speed of the combined particle immediately after the second collision between AA and BB.

(7)

题目中文翻译

质量分别为 0.4 kg0.4\,\mathrm{kg} 和 0.2 kg0.2\,\mathrm{kg} 的两个质点 AA 和 BB 沿光滑斜面的同一条最大坡度线向下运动。斜面与水平面成 30∘30^\circ 角,AA 在斜面上的位置高于 BB。两质点碰撞时,AA 和 BB 的速率分别为 3 m s−13\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 和 2 m s−12\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}。此次碰撞使 AA 的速率减小为 2.5 m s−12.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}。

(a) 求碰撞后瞬间 BB 的速率。

(2)

碰撞后,BB 从碰撞点沿斜面向下移动 1.6 m1.6\,\mathrm{m} 后撞到一道障碍物,并沿同一条最大坡度线向上返回。BB 在碰撞后 0.4 s0.4\,\mathrm{s} 撞到障碍物,撞击使其速率减小 90%90\%。两质点在上一次碰撞后 0.44 s0.44\,\mathrm{s} 再次碰撞,并在此次撞击中合为一体。

(b) 证明 BB 撞到障碍物后瞬间的速率为 0.5 m s−10.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}。进而求 AA 与 BB 第二次碰撞后瞬间合并质点的速率。

(7)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

沿坡向下为正,守恒第一次碰撞动量。

答题过程

展开

Conservation of momentum gives

0.4(3)+0.2(2)=0.4(2.5)+0.2vB.0.4(3)+0.2(2)=0.4(2.5)+0.2v_B.

Thus 0.2vB=0.60.2v_B=0.6, so

vB=3 m s−1.\boxed{v_B=3\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

重力沿坡分量使两粒子下坡加速度都为5。B反弹后速度为负0.5,只再运动0.04秒;A则从第一次碰撞继续运动0.44秒,两个时间不能混淆。

答题过程

展开

Taking down the plane as positive, each particle has acceleration

a=gsin⁡30∘=5 m s−2.a=g\sin30^\circ=5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

The speed of BB just before hitting the barrier is

vB=3+5(0.4)=5 m s−1.v_B=3+5(0.4)=5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}.

It loses 90%90\% of its speed, so its speed immediately afterwards is

0.10(5)=0.5 m s−1,\boxed{0.10(5)=0.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}},

with velocity −0.5 m s−1-0.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} up the plane.

Immediately before the second particle collision,

vA=2.5+5(0.44)=4.7,v_A=2.5+5(0.44)=4.7, vB=−0.5+5(0.44−0.4)=−0.3v_B=-0.5+5(0.44-0.4)=-0.3

in m s−1\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. Conservation of momentum then gives

0.4(4.7)+0.2(−0.3)=0.6V.0.4(4.7)+0.2(-0.3)=0.6V.

Thus

V=9130 m s−1≈3.03 m s−1 down the plane.\boxed{V=\frac{91}{30}\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} \approx3.03\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}\text{ down the plane}}.