Skip to content
CalcGospel 國際數學圖譜
返回

CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 42 Q1

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2022 June Paper 42 Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

Small smooth spheres AA and BB, of equal radii and of masses 5 kg5\,\mathrm{kg} and 3 kg3\,\mathrm{kg} respectively, lie on a smooth horizontal plane. Initially BB is at rest and AA is moving towards BB with speed 8.5 m s−18.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. The spheres collide and after the collision AA continues to move in the same direction but with a quarter of the speed of BB.

(a) Find the speed of BB after the collision.

(3)

(b) Find the loss of kinetic energy of the system due to the collision.

(2)

题目中文翻译

半径相等的光滑小球 AA 和 BB 位于光滑水平面上,质量分别为 5 kg5\,\mathrm{kg} 和 3 kg3\,\mathrm{kg}。最初 BB 静止,AA 以 8.5 m s−18.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率朝 BB 运动。两球碰撞后,AA 继续沿原方向运动,但其速率为 BB 的速率的四分之一。

(a) 求碰撞后 BB 的速率。

(3)

(b) 求系统因碰撞而损失的动能。

(2)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

水平方向没有外力冲量,取碰撞前A的运动方向为正;碰撞后A的速率是B的四分之一。

答题过程

展开

Let the speed of BB after the collision be v m s−1v\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. Then the speed of AA is v/4v/4. Conservation of momentum gives

5(8.5)= 5v4+3v42.5= 4.25v.\begin{align*} 5(8.5)=&\,5\frac v4+3v \\[4mm] 42.5=&\,4.25v. \end{align*}

Hence the speed of BB is 10 m s−1\boxed{10\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}}, and that of AA is 2.5 m s−12.5\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

分别算碰撞前、后两球的总动能,再取减少量。

答题过程

展开

Before the collision,

E1=12(5)(8.5)2=180.625 J.E_1=\frac12(5)(8.5)^2=180.625\,\mathrm{J}.

After the collision,

E2= 12(5)(2.5)2+12(3)(10)2= 15.625+150=165.625 J.\begin{align*} E_2=&\,\frac12(5)(2.5)^2+\frac12(3)(10)^2 \\[4mm] =&\,15.625+150=165.625\,\mathrm{J}. \end{align*}

The loss of kinetic energy is

E1−E2=180.625−165.625=15 J.E_1-E_2=180.625-165.625=\boxed{15\,\mathrm{J}}.