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CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 41 Q2

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 41 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

A particle PP of mass 0.4 kg0.4\,\mathrm{kg} is projected vertically upwards from horizontal ground with speed 10 m s−110\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}.

(a) Find the greatest height above the ground reached by PP.

(2)

When PP reaches the ground again, it bounces vertically upwards. At the first instant that it hits the ground, PP loses 7.2 J7.2\,\mathrm{J} of energy.

(b) Find the time between the first and second instants at which PP hits the ground.

(4)

题目中文翻译

一个质量为 0.4 kg0.4\,\mathrm{kg} 的质点 PP 从水平地面以 10 m s−110\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率竖直向上抛出。

(a) 求 PP 到达的离地最大高度。

(2)

当 PP 再次到达地面时,它竖直向上反弹。在第一次撞击地面的瞬间,PP 损失了 7.2 J7.2\,\mathrm{J} 的能量。

(b) 求 PP 第一次与第二次撞击地面之间的时间。

(4)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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最高点速度为零,用速度平方公式求最大高度。

答题过程

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Taking upwards as positive,

0=102+2(−10)h.0=10^2+2(-10)h.

Therefore

h=5 m.\boxed{h=5\,\mathrm{m}}.

解法二

思路

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也可用初动能全部变为重力势能。

答题过程

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At the highest point the kinetic energy is zero. Conservation of mechanical energy gives

0.4(10)h=12(0.4)(102).0.4(10)h=\frac12(0.4)(10^2).

Hence

h=5 m.\boxed{h=5\,\mathrm{m}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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第一次落地前动能为20,碰地损失7.2后剩12.8。求反弹速率,再算从地面到地面的飞行时间。

答题过程

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The speed immediately before the first impact is 10 m s−110\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}, so the kinetic energy is

E=12(0.4)(102)=20 J.E=\frac12(0.4)(10^2)=20\,\mathrm{J}.

If the rebound speed is uu,

12(0.4)u2=20−7.2=12.8,u=8 m s−1.\frac12(0.4)u^2=20-7.2=12.8, \qquad u=8\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}.

The particle returns to the ground with velocity −8 m s−1-8\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. Thus

−8=8−10t,t=1.6 s.-8=8-10t,\qquad \boxed{t=1.6\,\mathrm{s}}.

解法二

思路

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也可由碰后机械能先求反弹最高高度3.2米,再用最高点自由落体的时间乘二。

答题过程

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Before the first impact the kinetic energy is 12(0.4)(102)=20 J\tfrac12(0.4)(10^2)=20\,\mathrm{J}. After the loss of 7.2 J7.2\,\mathrm{J}, the energy available for the rebound is 12.8 J12.8\,\mathrm{J}. If the rebound maximum height is HH,

0.4(10)H=12.8,H=3.2 m.0.4(10)H=12.8,\qquad H=3.2\,\mathrm{m}.

The time τ\tau to fall from this maximum height to the ground satisfies

3.2=12(10)τ2,τ=0.8 s.3.2=\frac12(10)\tau^2,\qquad \tau=0.8\,\mathrm{s}.

The ascent takes the same time. Therefore the interval between impacts is

2τ=1.6 s.\boxed{2\tau=1.6\,\mathrm{s}}.