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CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 43 Q3

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 43 Paper · Question 3

题目

Problem

A smooth ring RR of mass 0.2 kg0.2\,\mathrm{kg} is threaded on a light string ARBARB. The ends of the string are attached to fixed points AA and BB with AA vertically above BB. The string is taut and angle ABR=90∘ABR=90^\circ. The angle between the part ARAR of the string and the vertical is 60∘60^\circ. The ring is held in equilibrium by a force of magnitude X NX\,\mathrm{N}, acting on the ring in a direction perpendicular to ARAR (see diagram).

Calculate the tension in the string and the value of XX.

(5)

题目中文翻译

一个质量为 0.2 kg0.2\,\mathrm{kg} 的光滑圆环 RR 套在轻绳 ARBARB 上。绳的两端连接到固定点 AA 和 BB,其中 AA 位于 BB 的正上方。绳处于绷紧状态,且 ∠ABR=90∘\angle ABR=90^\circ。绳的 ARAR 段与竖直方向的夹角为 60∘60^\circ。一个大小为 X NX\,\mathrm{N}、方向垂直于 ARAR 的力作用于圆环,使其保持平衡(见图)。

计算绳的张力及 XX 的值。

(5)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

解法一

思路

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光滑环上同一根轻绳两边张力相同。水平有两项向左张力,竖直只有斜绳的向上分量,不能漏掉水平绳张力。

答题过程

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Let the common tension be TT. Resolving horizontally and vertically,

Xcos⁡60∘=T+Tcos⁡30∘,X\cos60^\circ=T+T\cos30^\circ, Xsin⁡60∘+Tsin⁡30∘=2.X\sin60^\circ+T\sin30^\circ=2.

Hence

X=(2+3)T.X=(2+\sqrt3)T.

Substituting into the vertical equation gives

32(2+3)T+T2=2,\frac{\sqrt3}{2}(2+\sqrt3)T+\frac T2=2,

so (2+3)T=2(2+\sqrt3)T=2. Thus

T=4−23 N≈0.536 N,X=2.\boxed{T=4-2\sqrt3\,\mathrm{N}\approx0.536\,\mathrm{N}}, \qquad\boxed{X=2}.

解法二

思路

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沿X方向及其垂直方向分解,垂直方程可直接求张力,随后沿X求力。

答题过程

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The two tensions are equal because the ring is smooth. Resolving perpendicular to XX gives

T+Tcos⁡30∘=2cos⁡60∘=1.T+T\cos30^\circ=2\cos60^\circ=1.

Therefore

T= 11+3/2= (4−23) N≈ 0.536 N.\begin{align*} T=&\,\frac{1}{1+\sqrt3/2}\\[4mm] =&\,(4-2\sqrt3)\,\mathrm{N}\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.536\,\mathrm{N}}. \end{align*}

Resolving parallel to XX,

X= 2cos⁡30∘+Tcos⁡60∘= 3+4−232= 2.\begin{align*} X=&\,2\cos30^\circ+T\cos60^\circ\\[4mm] =&\,\sqrt3+\frac{4-2\sqrt3}{2}\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{2}. \end{align*}