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CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 43 Q5

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 43 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

A particle starts from rest from a point OO and moves in a straight line. The acceleration of the particle at time t st\,\mathrm{s} after leaving OO is a m s−2a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}, where a=kt12a=kt^{\frac12} for 0⩽t⩽90\leqslant t\leqslant9 and where kk is a constant. The velocity of the particle at t=9t=9 is 1.8 m s−11.8\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}.

(a) Show that k=0.1k=0.1.

(3)

For t>9t>9, the velocity v m s−1v\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} of the particle is given by v=0.2(t−9)2+1.8v=0.2(t-9)^2+1.8.

(b) Show that the distance travelled in the first 99 seconds is one tenth of the distance travelled between t=9t=9 and t=18t=18.

(4)

(c) Find the greatest acceleration of the particle during the first 1010 seconds of its motion.

(3)

题目中文翻译

一个质点从点 OO 由静止开始沿直线运动。离开 OO 后 t st\,\mathrm{s} 时,质点的加速度为 a m s−2a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}};在 0⩽t⩽90\leqslant t\leqslant9 内,a=kt12a=kt^{\frac12},其中 kk 为常数。质点在 t=9t=9 时的速度为 1.8 m s−11.8\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}。

(a) 证明:k=0.1k=0.1。

(3)

当 t>9t>9 时,质点的速度 v m s−1v\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 由 v=0.2(t−9)2+1.8v=0.2(t-9)^2+1.8 给出。

(b) 证明:前 99 秒内经过的距离是 t=9t=9 至 t=18t=18 之间经过的距离的十分之一。

(4)

(c) 求质点在运动的前 1010 秒内的最大加速度。

(3)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

加速度积分得速度,静止出发使积分常数为零,再代t等于9的速度求k。

答题过程

展开

Integrating the acceleration for 0≤t≤90\le t\le9,

v=23kt3/2+C.v=\frac23kt^{3/2}+C.

Since v(0)=0v(0)=0, C=0C=0. Using v(9)=1.8v(9)=1.8,

1.8=23k(93/2)=18k.1.8=\frac23k(9^{3/2})=18k.

Therefore

k=0.1.\boxed{k=0.1}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

两段速度均为正,可以直接积分求路程;第二段用t减9的形式积分可减少展开。

答题过程

展开

From (a), the velocity during the first stage is v=t3/2/15v=t^{3/2}/15. Its distance is

D1= ∫09115t3/2 dt= [275t5/2]09= 16225=6.48 m.\begin{align*} D_1=&\,\int_0^9\frac1{15}t^{3/2}\,\mathrm{d}t\\[4mm] =&\,\bigg[\frac2{75}t^{5/2}\bigg]_0^9\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{162}{25}=6.48\,\mathrm{m}. \end{align*}

For the second stage,

D2= ∫918[0.2(t−9)2+1.8] dt= [0.23(t−9)3+1.8t]918= 0.23(93)+1.8(9)= 64.8 m.\begin{align*} D_2=&\,\int_9^{18}\big[0.2(t-9)^2+1.8\big]\,\mathrm{d}t\\[4mm] =&\,\bigg[\frac{0.2}{3}(t-9)^3+1.8t\bigg]_9^{18}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{0.2}{3}(9^3)+1.8(9)\\[4mm] =&\,64.8\,\mathrm{m}. \end{align*}

Both velocities are positive, so these integrals are distances. Since 6.48=64.8/106.48=64.8/10,

D1=110D2.\boxed{D_1=\frac1{10}D_2}.

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

两段分别求加速度最大值后比较,不能只算最后时刻。第一段递增到0.3,第二段在10秒达到0.4。

答题过程

展开

For 0≤t≤90\le t\le9,

a=0.1t≤0.19=0.3 m s−2.a=0.1\sqrt t\le0.1\sqrt9=0.3\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

For 9<t≤109<t\le10,

a=dvdt=0.4(t−9)≤0.4 m s−2.a=\frac{\mathrm{d}v}{\mathrm{d}t}=0.4(t-9)\le0.4\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

Since 0.4>0.30.4>0.3, the greatest acceleration during the first 1010 seconds is

0.4 m s−2,\boxed{0.4\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}},

attained at t=10t=10.