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CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 43 Q7

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2023 June Paper 43 Paper · Question 7

题目

Problem

The diagram shows the vertical cross-section XYZXYZ of a rough slide. The section YZYZ is a straight line of length 2 m2\,\mathrm{m} inclined at an angle of α\alpha to the horizontal, where sin⁡α=0.28\sin\alpha=0.28. The section YZYZ is tangential to the curved section XYXY at YY, and XX is 1.8 m1.8\,\mathrm{m} above the level of YY. A child of mass 25 kg25\,\mathrm{kg} slides down the slide, starting from rest at XX. The work done by the child against the resistance force in moving from XX to YY is 50 J50\,\mathrm{J}.

(a) Find the speed of the child at YY.

(4)

It is given that the child comes to rest at ZZ.

(b) Use an energy method to find the coefficient of friction between the child and YZYZ, giving your answer as a fraction in its simplest form.

(6)

题目中文翻译

图中给出了一个粗糙滑梯的竖直截面 XYZXYZ。YZYZ 段是长 2 m2\,\mathrm{m} 的直线,与水平面的夹角为 α\alpha,其中 sin⁡α=0.28\sin\alpha=0.28。YZYZ 段在 YY 点与曲线段 XYXY 相切,XX 比 YY 所在水平面高 1.8 m1.8\,\mathrm{m}。一个质量为 25 kg25\,\mathrm{kg} 的孩子从 XX 点由静止开始沿滑梯下滑。孩子从 XX 运动到 YY 时克服阻力所做的功为 50 J50\,\mathrm{J}。

(a) 求孩子在 YY 点的速率。

(4)

已知孩子在 ZZ 点静止。

(b) 使用能量法,求孩子与 YZYZ 之间的摩擦系数,以最简分数形式给出答案。

(6)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

从X到Y曲线段只用能量,不假定恒加速度。势能损失扣去阻力功后成为动能。

答题过程

展开

The loss of potential energy from XX to YY is

25(10)(1.8)=450 J.25(10)(1.8)=450\,\mathrm{J}.

The work-energy equation is

450−50=12(25)vY2.450-50=\frac12(25)v_Y^2.

Thus vY2=32v_Y^2=32, giving

vY=42 m s−1.\boxed{v_Y=4\sqrt2\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

按要求用能量法,从Y到Z的初动能和势能损失都用于克服摩擦。支持力用精确余弦0.96,最后给最简分数。

答题过程

展开

Since sin⁡α=0.28=7/25\sin\alpha=0.28=7/25 and α\alpha is acute,

cos⁡α=2425=0.96.\cos\alpha=\frac{24}{25}=0.96.

The normal reaction on YZYZ is

R=25(10)(0.96)=240 N.R=25(10)(0.96)=240\,\mathrm{N}.

The child stops at ZZ. Using (a), the work-energy equation on YZYZ is

μR(2)= 12(25)(42)2 +25(10)(2)(0.28).\begin{align*} \mu R(2)=&\,\frac12(25)(4\sqrt2)^2\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}+25(10)(2)(0.28). \end{align*}

Hence 480μ=400+140=540480\mu=400+140=540, so

μ=98.\boxed{\mu=\frac98}.

解法二

思路

展开

也可从起点X到终点Z整体列能量方程,首末都静止;总势能损失扣去前段50焦耳,就是直线段摩擦功。

答题过程

展开

The total vertical drop is 1.8+2(0.28)=2.36 m1.8+2(0.28)=2.36\,\mathrm{m}. Since the child starts and ends at rest,

25(10)(2.36)=50+μR(2).25(10)(2.36)=50+\mu R(2).

On YZYZ, cos⁡α=1−0.282=0.96\cos\alpha=\sqrt{1-0.28^2}=0.96, so R=25(10)(0.96)=240 NR=25(10)(0.96)=240\,\mathrm{N}. Therefore

590=50+480μ,μ=98.590=50+480\mu, \qquad\boxed{\mu=\frac98}.