题目
A car has mass . When the speed of the car is the magnitude of the resistance to motion is where is a constant.
(a) The car moves at a constant speed of up a hill inclined at an angle of to the horizontal where . At this speed the magnitude of the resistance to motion is .
(i) Find the value of .
(ii) Find the power of the car’s engine.
(b) The car now moves at a constant speed on a straight level road.
Given that its engine is working at , find this speed.
题目中文翻译
一辆汽车的质量为 。当汽车的速率为 时,运动阻力的大小为 ,其中 为常数。
(a) 汽车以 的恒定速率沿与水平面成 角的山坡上行,其中 。在此速率下,运动阻力的大小为 。
(i) 求 的值。
(ii) 求汽车发动机的功率。
(b) 汽车现在以恒定速率在一条笔直的水平道路上行驶。
已知发动机以 的功率工作,求此速率。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
(a)(i)
解法一
思路
展开
将给定速率及阻力代入阻力公式。
答题过程
展开
At speed ,
(a)(ii)
解法一
思路
展开
匀速时推力平衡阻力及重力沿坡分量,再求功率。
答题过程
展开
The driving force is
Therefore
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
水平匀速时推力等于kv平方,乘速率后功率与v立方成正比。
答题过程
展开
At constant speed on the level road,
Using the given power in watts,
Hence