题目
A particle of mass lies on a rough plane which is inclined at an angle of to the horizontal. The particle is kept in equilibrium by a force of magnitude . This force acts at an angle of above a line of greatest slope of the plane (see diagram). The coefficient of friction between the particle and the plane is .
Find the least and greatest possible values of .
题目中文翻译
一个质量为 的质点位于与水平面成 角的粗糙斜面上。一个大小为 的力使质点保持平衡。该力的方向在斜面最大坡度线上方,与该线成 角(见图)。质点与斜面之间的摩擦系数为 。
求 可能的最小值和最大值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
解法一
思路
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张力向上分量会减小支持力。最小张力对应将要下滑、摩擦向上;最大张力对应将要上滑、摩擦向下。两种状态都用各自的支持力。
答题过程
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Resolving perpendicular to the plane gives
For the least , limiting friction acts up the plane. Hence
Substituting for ,
Therefore
For the greatest , limiting friction acts down the plane, giving
Thus
so
The corresponding reactions are approximately and , both positive, so contact with the plane is maintained.