题目
A lorry of mass is travelling along a straight road.
(a) On a horizontal section of the road, the power of the lorry’s engine is constant. There is a constant resistance to motion of .
(i) The steady speed which the lorry can maintain with the engine working at power is .
Find the value of .
(ii) At an instant when the speed of the lorry is , its engine is working at a power of .
Find the acceleration of the lorry at this instant.
(b) When the lorry has reached a speed of , it begins to ascend a section of road inclined at an angle to the horizontal. The engine now works at a power of . There is no change in the lorry’s speed as it ascends the hill. The constant resistance to motion remains .
Find the value of .
题目中文翻译
一辆质量为 的货车沿直路行驶。
(a) 在一段水平道路上,货车发动机的功率恒定。运动阻力恒为 。
(i) 当发动机以 的功率工作时,货车能够维持的稳定速率为 。
求 的值。
(ii) 在货车速率为 的某一瞬间,发动机以 的功率工作。
求该瞬间货车的加速度。
(b) 当货车的速率达到 时,它开始沿一段与水平面成 角的道路上坡。发动机此时以 的功率工作。货车上坡时速率不变。恒定运动阻力仍为 。
求 的值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
(a)(i)
解法一
思路
展开
稳速合力为零,功率为阻力乘速度。
答题过程
展开
(a)(ii)
解法一
思路
展开
40kW除以瞬时速率求牵引力,再减1600求净力。
答题过程
展开
Thus
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
上坡匀速,牵引力等于阻力加重力沿坡分量。
答题过程
展开
Resolving up the hill at constant speed,
Hence
Therefore