Skip to content
CalcGospel 國際數學圖譜
返回

CIE 9709 2025 June Paper 41 Q5

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2025 June Paper 41 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

When a particle PP of mass m kgm\,\mathrm{kg} has speed u m s−1u\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}, its momentum is 4 N s4\,\mathrm{N\,s} and its kinetic energy is 16 J16\,\mathrm{J}.

(a) Find the value of mm and the value of uu.

(3)

PP is now projected on a smooth horizontal surface with speed v m s−1v\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} directly towards a particle QQ of mass 1.25 kg1.25\,\mathrm{kg} which is stationary. After PP and QQ collide, the velocity of PP is w m s−1w\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} and the velocity of QQ is 2w m s−12w\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. The loss of kinetic energy in the collision is 25 J25\,\mathrm{J}.

(b) Find the value of vv and the value of ww.

(4)
题目中文翻译

当一个质量为 m kgm\,\mathrm{kg} 的质点 PP 的速率为 u m s−1u\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 时,其动量为 4 N s4\,\mathrm{N\,s},动能为 16 J16\,\mathrm{J}。

(a) 求 mm 和 uu 的值。

(3)

现在,PP 在光滑水平面上以 v m s−1v\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率,直接朝一个质量为 1.25 kg1.25\,\mathrm{kg} 的静止质点 QQ 发射。PP 与 QQ 碰撞后,PP 的速度为 w m s−1w\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}},QQ 的速度为 2w m s−12w\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}。碰撞中损失的动能为 25 J25\,\mathrm{J}。

(b) 求 vv 和 ww 的值。

(4)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

动量mu=4与动能mu²/2=16相除,先求速率再求质量。

答题过程

展开

The given momentum and kinetic energy give

mu=4,12mu2=16.mu=4,\qquad \frac12mu^2=16.

Dividing the second equation by the first,

u2=4,u=8.\frac u2=4, \qquad \boxed{u=8}.

Then m=4/8m=4/8, so m=0.5\boxed{m=0.5}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

先用动量守恒得到v=6w,再代动能损失式;v是正速率,最终w取正。

答题过程

展开

Taking PP‘s initial direction as positive, conservation of momentum gives

0.5v=0.5w+1.25(2w)=3w,v=6w.0.5v=0.5w+1.25(2w)=3w, \qquad v=6w.

The loss of kinetic energy is 25 joules:

 12(0.5)v2−12(0.5)w2 −12(1.25)(2w)2=25.\begin{align*} &\,\frac12(0.5)v^2-\frac12(0.5)w^2\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}-\frac12(1.25)(2w)^2=25. \end{align*}

Substituting v=6wv=6w,

9w2−14w2−52w2= 25,254w2= 25,w2= 4.\begin{align*} 9w^2-\frac14w^2-\frac52w^2=&\,25,\\[4mm] \frac{25}{4}w^2=&\,25,\\[4mm] w^2=&\,4. \end{align*}

Since v>0v>0 and v=6wv=6w, w>0w>0. Therefore

w=2,v=12.\boxed{w=2,\qquad v=12}.