题目
When a particle of mass has speed , its momentum is and its kinetic energy is .
(a) Find the value of and the value of .
is now projected on a smooth horizontal surface with speed directly towards a particle of mass which is stationary. After and collide, the velocity of is and the velocity of is . The loss of kinetic energy in the collision is .
(b) Find the value of and the value of .
题目中文翻译
当一个质量为 的质点 的速率为 时,其动量为 ,动能为 。
(a) 求 和 的值。
现在, 在光滑水平面上以 的速率,直接朝一个质量为 的静止质点 发射。 与 碰撞后, 的速度为 , 的速度为 。碰撞中损失的动能为 。
(b) 求 和 的值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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动量mu=4与动能mu²/2=16相除,先求速率再求质量。
答题过程
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The given momentum and kinetic energy give
Dividing the second equation by the first,
Then , so .
(b)
解法一
思路
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先用动量守恒得到v=6w,再代动能损失式;v是正速率,最终w取正。
答题过程
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Taking ‘s initial direction as positive, conservation of momentum gives
The loss of kinetic energy is 25 joules:
Substituting ,
Since and , . Therefore