题目
Two particles and , of masses and respectively, are free to move in a straight line on a smooth horizontal plane. is projected towards with speed . At the same instant, is projected away from with speed . When collides with , the particles coalesce.
Find the kinetic energy lost during the collision.
题目中文翻译
质量分别为 和 的两个质点 和 可在光滑水平面上沿直线自由运动。 以 的速率朝 发射。在同一瞬间, 以 的速率沿远离 的方向发射。当 与 碰撞时,两个质点粘合在一起。
求碰撞中损失的动能。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
解法一
思路
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两粒子碰前同向,动量均取正,先求粘合速度,再用总动能前后差。
答题过程
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Take the original direction of motion as positive. Conservation of momentum gives
Hence the loss of kinetic energy is