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CIE 9709 2025 June Paper 42 Q2

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2025 June Paper 42 Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

Two particles PP and QQ, of masses 0.2 kg0.2\,\mathrm{kg} and 0.1 kg0.1\,\mathrm{kg} respectively, are free to move in a straight line on a smooth horizontal plane. PP is projected towards QQ with speed 5 m s−15\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. At the same instant, QQ is projected away from PP with speed 2 m s−12\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. When PP collides with QQ, the particles coalesce.

Find the kinetic energy lost during the collision.

(4)
题目中文翻译

质量分别为 0.2 kg0.2\,\mathrm{kg} 和 0.1 kg0.1\,\mathrm{kg} 的两个质点 PP 和 QQ 可在光滑水平面上沿直线自由运动。PP 以 5 m s−15\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率朝 QQ 发射。在同一瞬间,QQ 以 2 m s−12\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}} 的速率沿远离 PP 的方向发射。当 PP 与 QQ 碰撞时,两个质点粘合在一起。

求碰撞中损失的动能。

(4)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

解法一

思路

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两粒子碰前同向,动量均取正,先求粘合速度,再用总动能前后差。

答题过程

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Take the original direction of motion as positive. Conservation of momentum gives

0.2(5)+0.1(2)=(0.2+0.1)V,V=4 m s−1.0.2(5)+0.1(2)=(0.2+0.1)V, \qquad V=4\text{ m s}^{-1}.

Hence the loss of kinetic energy is

ΔK= 12(0.2)(5)2+12(0.1)(2)2 −12(0.3)(4)2= 2.5+0.2−2.4=0.3 J.\begin{align*} \Delta K=&\,\frac12(0.2)(5)^2+\frac12(0.1)(2)^2\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}-\frac12(0.3)(4)^2\\[4mm] =&\,2.5+0.2-2.4=\boxed{0.3\text{ J}}. \end{align*}