题目
A car is travelling along a straight horizontal road. The car passes through a point , on the road travelling at a speed of , and then accelerates uniformly at for seconds. The car then moves at constant speed for seconds, where . The car then decelerates uniformly at and after a further seconds passes through a point on the road.
(a) On the given axes, sketch a velocity-time graph for the motion of the car between points and .
The distance from to is .
(b) Find the value of .
The car continues its journey from , decelerating uniformly at until it comes to rest at a point on the road.
(c) Find the total distance from to .
题目中文翻译
一辆汽车沿水平直路行驶。汽车以 的速率经过道路上的点 ,随后以 的加速度匀加速运动 秒。接着汽车以恒定速率行驶 秒,其中 。随后汽车以 的减速度匀减速运动,再经过 秒后通过道路上的点 。
(a) 在给定坐标轴上,画出汽车在点 与点 之间运动的速度—时间示意图。
从 到 的距离为 。
(b) 求 的值。
汽车从 继续行驶,以 的减速度匀减速运动,直到在道路上的点 停下。
(c) 求从 到 的总路程。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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先求30秒末速率27,三段速度图按给定加速、匀速、减速连接,B处速度仍正。
答题过程
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After the first 30 seconds,
Sketch three straight segments joining
Label the axes “Time (s)” and “Velocity (m s)”. The final point is above the time axis, since implies .
(b)
解法一
思路
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速度图三段面积等于2750,先保持末段速度27−0.2T,再展开解二次式并用T<30选根。
答题过程
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The distance is the area under the velocity-time graph:
Hence
Since , reject and obtain
(c)
解法一
思路
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B处速率23,从B开始减速度改为0.5,另求停止距离再加2750。
答题过程
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At the speed is
If , then
Thus the total distance is