题目
A box of mass is pulled up a rough plane inclined at an angle of to the horizontal. The box moves up a line of greatest slope against a frictional force of . The force pulling the box is parallel to the line of greatest slope. The box starts from rest and has speed at the end of the .
Find the work done by the pulling force.
题目中文翻译
一个质量为 的箱子被沿粗糙斜面向上拉动 ,斜面与水平面成 角。箱子沿最大坡度线向上运动,受到大小为 的摩擦力。拉力平行于最大坡度线。箱子从静止开始运动,在运动 后速率为 。
求拉力所做的功。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity () is needed, use .
需要使用重力加速度 的数值时,取 。
解答
解法一
思路
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拉力做的功用于增加重力势能、增加动能及克服摩擦。无需假设拉力或加速度恒定。
答题过程
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The box rises vertically by . The work done by the pulling force is the total of the gain in potential energy, the gain in kinetic energy and the work against friction:
Hence to significant figures.