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CIE 9709 2022 November Paper 41 Q5

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2022 Nov Paper 41 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

A particle PP moves on the xx-axis from the origin OO with an initial velocity of −20 m s−1-20\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. The acceleration a m s−2a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} at time t st\,\mathrm{s} after leaving OO is given by a=12−2ta=12-2t.

(a) Sketch a velocity-time graph for 0≤t≤120\le t\le12, indicating the times when PP is at rest.

(5)

(b) Find the total distance travelled by PP in the interval 0≤t≤120\le t\le12.

(5)

题目中文翻译

质点 PP 从原点 OO 出发沿 xx 轴运动,初速度为 −20 m s−1-20\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}。离开 OO 后 t st\,\mathrm{s} 时的加速度 a m s−2a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} 由 a=12−2ta=12-2t 给出。

(a) 画出 0≤t≤120\le t\le12 范围内的速度—时间图的草图,并标明 PP 静止的时刻。

(5)

(b) 求 PP 在区间 0≤t≤120\le t\le12 内经过的总路程。

(5)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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积分加速度并代入负初速求常数,再求速度零点;画开口向下抛物线,标出起终点及顶点。

答题过程

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Integrating the acceleration gives

v=12t−t2+C.v=12t-t^2+C.

Since v(0)=−20v(0)=-20, C=−20C=-20. Thus

v=12t−t2−20=−(t−2)(t−10).v=12t-t^2-20=-(t-2)(t-10).

The rest times are t=2 and t=10\boxed{t=2\text{ and }t=10}. Also

v=16−(t−6)2.v=16-(t-6)^2.

Sketch the downward-opening parabola through (0,−20)(0,-20), (2,0)(2,0), (10,0)(10,0) and (12,−20)(12,-20), with maximum at (6,16)(6,16), restricted to 0≤t≤120\le t\le12.

(b)

解法一

思路

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在2和10处分段,速度负、正、负,各段积分位移取绝对值后相加。

答题过程

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From (a), v<0v<0 on (0,2)(0,2) and (10,12)(10,12), and v>0v>0 on (2,10)(2,10). An antiderivative is

S(t)=6t2−13t3−20t.S(t)=6t^2-\frac13t^3-20t.

The relevant values are

S(0)= 0,S(2)= −563,S(10)= 2003,S(12)= 48.\begin{align*} S(0)=&\,0,\\[4mm] S(2)=&\,-\frac{56}{3},\\[4mm] S(10)=&\,\frac{200}{3},\\[4mm] S(12)=&\,48. \end{align*}

Hence the total distance is

D= −[S(2)−S(0)]+[S(10)−S(2)] −[S(12)−S(10)]= 563+2563+563= 3683 m≈123 m.\begin{align*} D=&\,-[S(2)-S(0)]+[S(10)-S(2)]\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}-[S(12)-S(10)]\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{56}{3}+\frac{256}{3}+\frac{56}{3}\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{\frac{368}{3}\,\mathrm{m}} \approx123\,\mathrm{m}. \end{align*}