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CIE 9709 2023 November Paper 41 Q3

A Level / CIE / M1

CIE 9709 2023 Nov Paper 41 Paper · Question 3

题目

Problem

The diagram shows the velocity-time graph for the motion of a bus. The bus starts from rest and accelerates uniformly for 88 seconds until it reaches a speed of 12.6 m s−112.6\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}. The bus then maintains this speed for 4040 seconds. It then decelerates uniformly in two stages. Between 4848 and 6262 seconds the bus decelerates at a m s−2a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} and between 6262 and 7070 seconds it decelerates at 2a m s−22a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} until coming to rest.

(a) Find the distance covered by the bus in the first 88 seconds.

(1)

(b) Find the value of aa.

(3)

(c) Find the average speed of the bus for the whole journey.

(4)

题目中文翻译

图中给出了一辆公共汽车运动的速度—时间图像。公共汽车从静止开始,匀加速运动 88 秒,直至速率达到 12.6 m s−112.6\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}。随后公共汽车保持这一速率行驶 4040 秒,再分两个阶段做匀减速运动。在第 4848 秒至第 6262 秒之间,公共汽车以 a m s−2a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} 的减速度减速;在第 6262 秒至第 7070 秒之间,以 2a m s−22a\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}} 的减速度减速,直至静止。

(a) 求公共汽车在前 88 秒内经过的距离。

(1)

(b) 求 aa 的值。

(3)

(c) 求公共汽车在整个行程中的平均速率。

(4)

原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

Where a numerical value for the acceleration due to gravity (gg) is needed, use 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}.

需要使用重力加速度 gg 的数值时,取 10 m s−210\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-2}}。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

前8秒速度图是三角形,面积就是路程。

答题过程

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The distance is the area under the velocity-time graph:

D=12(8)(12.6)=50.4 m.D=\frac12(8)(12.6)=\boxed{50.4\,\mathrm{m}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

两段减速共消去12.6的速度,分别用14秒及8秒;或用中间速度联立消元。

答题过程

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Let the speed at t=62t=62 be ww. Then

w=12.6−a(62−48)=12.6−14a,w=12.6-a(62-48)=12.6-14a, 0=w−2a(70−62)=w−16a.0=w-2a(70-62)=w-16a.

Eliminating ww gives 12.6=30a12.6=30a, so

a=0.42.\boxed{a=0.42}.

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

把四段图形面积相加,再除以总时间70秒。中间速度用未舍入的6.72。

答题过程

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From (b), the speed at t=62t=62 is

w=12.6−14(0.42)=6.72 m s−1.w=12.6-14(0.42)=6.72\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}.

The total distance is

D= 50.4+40(12.6) +12(12.6+6.72)(14) +12(6.72)(8)= 50.4+504+135.24 +26.88= 716.52 m.\begin{align*} D=&\,50.4+40(12.6)\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}+\frac12(12.6+6.72)(14)\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{4pt}+\frac12(6.72)(8)\\[4mm] =&\,50.4+504+135.24\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}+26.88\\[4mm] =&\,716.52\,\mathrm{m}. \end{align*}

Therefore the average speed is

716.5270=10.236 m s−1≈10.2 m s−1.\boxed{\frac{716.52}{70}=10.236\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}} \approx10.2\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}.